Presentation Buzz Words Flashcards by user delete

Presentation Buzz Words

Ground glass appearance on HRCT

Pulmonary fibrosis

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Wedge-shape infarct CXR

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Tram-line shadowing

Bronchiectasis

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Erythema nodosum (very painful)

Conditions - Crohn’s & Sarcoid
Infection - TB, Syphilis & Strep
Oestrogen related - Pregnancy & OCP

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String sign stenosis on barium enema

Crohn’s disease
Colon Cancer
Hypertrophic Pyloric Stenosis
Carcinoid

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Lead pipe sign, thumbprinting AXR

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Sentinel loop AXR (=dilated bowel from local ileus)

RUQ Pancreatitis, LUQ Cholecystitis, RIF appendicitis

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Cotton wool spots retina

Hypertensive retinopathy

Diabetic retinopathy

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Recurrent chest infections + steatorrhoea + infertile + sweat test

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Fine crepitations

APO, pulmonary fibrosis

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Pleuritic chest pain

PE, pneumonia, pneumothorax, pericarditis

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Bilateral hilar lymphadenopathy + hyperCalcaemia + high serum ACE

Sarcoid

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Early onset emphysema & liver disease

Alpha1-Antitrypsin deficiency

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Hay exposure + fever + cough + SOB hours after exposure

Extrinsic allergic alveolitis

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Clubbing

C yanotic heart disease
L ung diseases
  A bscess
  B ronchiectasis
  C ystic fibrosis
  D on’t say COPD!!!!
  E mpyema
  F ibrosis
U lceratice colitis + Crohn’s (Inflammatory bowel diseases)
B iliary cirrhosis
B irth defect
I nfective endocarditis
N eoplasm (Lung Ca, mesothelioma)
G I malabsorption (Coeliac disease)

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Pneumonia + Positive cold agglutinins exposure

Mycoplasma pneumonia

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Midline neck mass that moves on swallowing & on tongue protrusion

Thyroglossal cyst (vs Thyroid goitre = does not move with tongue protrusion)

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Eye ‘down and out’

CN III palsy (Occulomotor nerve)

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Bitemporal hemianopia

Pituitary adenoma

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Homonymous hemianopia

Optic radiation injury or occipital cortex injury

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Superior quadrant-anopia

Temporal lobe lesion

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Anosmia + rhinorrhea + ‘racoon eyes’

Basal skull fracture

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Sudden onset ‘kicked in back of head’ headache + N/V

Subarachnoid haemorrhage

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Testicular swelling, can’t palpate above, can palpate epididymis and testis separately, non-transluminable, +ve cough impulse

Inguinal hernia

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# Presentation Buzz Words Macrocytic anaemia+ glossitis + periph neuropathy

B12 deficiency (cobalamin)

# Presentation Buzz Words Macrocytic anaemia + phenytoin or trimethoprim or methotrexate

Folate deficiency

# Presentation Buzz Words Nystagmus, ophthalmoplegia, ataxia

B1 deficiency (thiamine) = Wernike's encephalopathy

# Presentation Buzz Words Macrocytic anaemia + slow relaxing reflexes + thin hair

Hypothyroidism

# Presentation Buzz Words Microcytic anaemia + chronic NSAIDs

Iron deficiency anaemia

# Presentation Buzz Words Young African + anaemia + jaundice + hepatosplenomegaly + priapism + 'Fever & chest pain'

Sickle cell anaemia (with 'Sickle Chest')

# Presentation Buzz Words Skull bossing, maxillary hypertrophy

Beta-Thalassaemia, Acromegaly

# Presentation Buzz Words Protruding sternum, varus legs, lumbar lordosis

Ricketts

# Presentation Buzz Words Internuclear opthalmoplegia

# Presentation Buzz Words Young female patient presents with random eye symptoms and 2 unrelated neurological signs

# Presentation Buzz Words Best test: anti-endomysial, others are anti-transglutaminase, anti-gliadin (IgA/G/E), low IgA levels

Coeliac's

# Presentation Buzz Words Aversion to smoking + RUQ pain

Acute hepatitis

# Presentation Buzz Words Middle aged WOMAN + pruritus, jaundice, pigmentation, xanthomata

PBC

# Presentation Buzz Words Middle aged MAN + pruiritus, jaundice, abdominal pain, increased ALP + UC

PSC

# Presentation Buzz Words RUQ pain + jaundice + fever (charcot's triad)

Ascending cholangitis

# Presentation Buzz Words Confusion + ataxia + opthalmaplegia

Wernicke's encephalopathy

# Presentation Buzz Words Pork + Reiter's syndrome + unpasteurised milk

Yersinia

# Presentation Buzz Words Hamburgers + bloody + HUS + toxic megacolon

EHEC

# Presentation Buzz Words Traveller's

ETEC

# Presentation Buzz Words Enclosed institutions, education, jail

Shigella (if small bloody stools), mycoplasma (if respiratory)

# Presentation Buzz Words Chicken + rose spot rash

Salmonella if systemic fever causes other infections

# Presentation Buzz Words Milk or poultry or meat

Campylobacter jejuni (3-5 days) - most common in Australia

# Presentation Buzz Words Meat + gas + bubble rap skin (in skin infection - subcutaneous emphysema = gas gangrene)

C. perfringens

# Presentation Buzz Words Upper GI nausea and vomitting within 6 hours

Staph aureus

# Presentation Buzz Words Rice water stool + comma shaped and shooting star motility on dark film microscopy

Vibrio cholera treat with up to 50L of fluids within 5 days

# Presentation Buzz Words Toxin A

C. diff

# Presentation Buzz Words Numerous calcified nodules

TB, Histoplasmosis, varicella pneumonitis, CRF = HardCore TV

# Presentation Buzz Words RIF + recent viral bronchitis

Mesenteric adenitis

# Presentation Buzz Words Foot drop

Common peroneal nerve

# Presentation Buzz Words Wrist drop + fracture of humeral shaft

Radial nerve

# Presentation Buzz Words Clawed hand

Ulnar nerve

# Presentation Buzz Words Thenar atrophy

Median nerve

# Presentation Buzz Words Deltoid atrophy

Axillary nerve

# Presentation Buzz Words Winged scapula

Long thoracic nerve

# Presentation Buzz Words ADDERS = Adduction, external rotation and shortening of hip

Neck of femur fracture

# Presentation Buzz Words Fractured clavicle

Broad sling

# Presentation Buzz Words Undisplaced fracture of humerus

Collar and cuff sling

# Presentation Buzz Words Loss of sensation just below the shoulder (i.e. deltoid)

Axillary nerve damage secondary to anterior dislocation

# Presentation Buzz Words Painful shoulder locked in medial rotation after seizure

Posterior dislocation

# Presentation Buzz Words Stiffness history, but previously very painful

Adhesive capsulitis

# Presentation Buzz Words Twisting injury + locked in

Meniscal tear

# Presentation Buzz Words Carpet layer with swelling over the patella

Pre-patellar bursitis (housemaid's bursitis)

# Presentation Buzz Words Question mark posture

Ankylosing spondylitis

# Presentation Buzz Words Oligospermia

Sulfasalazine

# Presentation Buzz Words Swollen gum hypertrophy

Cyclosporin

# Presentation Buzz Words Intramuscular DMARD that gives you itchy erythematous rash all over the body (exfoliative dermatitis)

Gold and sulphonamides

# Presentation Buzz Words Retinopathy

Hydroxychloroquine

# Presentation Buzz Words Gallow's traction

Kid with femoral fracture

# Presentation Buzz Words Thoracic scoliosis + vertebral wedge shaped thoracic XR

Scheuermann's disease

# Presentation Buzz Words Prophylaxis of VT

Oral amiodraone

# Presentation Buzz Words Loud S1 Mitral

MS (S for strong)

# Presentation Buzz Words Soft S1 Mitral

MR (R for reduced)

# Presentation Buzz Words Increased Na+ + decreased K+/H+ + hypertension

Conn's (hyperaldosteronism)

# Presentation Buzz Words Large A wave + slow y descent

# Presentation Buzz Words Pulseless electrical activity = asystole = 4Hs + 4Ts

CPR + adrenaline/vasopressin + atropine

# Presentation Buzz Words Shockable rhythms (pulseless VT/VF)

``` CPR + defib + adrenaline/vasopressin + magnesium + anti-arrhythmic ```

# Presentation Buzz Words Bilateral Cavitating bronchopneumonia after influenza/elderly/IVDU

Staph aureus

# Presentation Buzz Words Pathergy reaction is +ve

Behcet's disease | Pyoderma gangrenosum

# Presentation Buzz Words ADD FER = Adduction + flexion + external rotation

Femoral shaft fracture

# Presentation Buzz Words Thumb printing on AXR

# Presentation Buzz Words Epigastric pain relieved by eating

Duodenal ulcer

# Presentation Buzz Words Epigastric pain made worse by eating

Gastric ulcer

# Presentation Buzz Words Duodenal ulcer cause

99% H. pylori

# Presentation Buzz Words Dyspepsia for a while

Gastric carcinoma

# Presentation Buzz Words Anaemia and LOW + mass in RIF

Caecal carcinoma

# Presentation Buzz Words Suspect pseudocyst

CT abdomen

# Presentation Buzz Words Middle aged man, joint pain (shows chondrocalcinosis), CLD (bronze diabetes) + dilated cardiomyopathy

Haemochromatosis

# Presentation Buzz Words Raised serum iron and ferritin with decreased total iron binding capacity

Haemochromatosis

# Presentation Buzz Words Greenish-brown ring that can be seen at the corneoscleral junction. It is caused by copper deposition in Descemet's membrane

Wilson's disease

# Presentation Buzz Words Increased unconjugated bilirubin during fasting/illness/dehydration

Gilbert's syndrome

# Presentation Buzz Words ALP raised + female

PBC

# Presentation Buzz Words Tender breast + pyrexial

Mastitis caused by staph aureus

# Presentation Buzz Words Visible punctum

Sebaceous cyst

# Presentation Buzz Words Slow growing + lobulated mass

Lipoma

# Presentation Buzz Words A 28-year-old man presents with a painless swelling on the dorsum of the right hand. Examination reveals a smooth, spherical, tense, 1.5 cm swelling. The overlying skin can be drawn over it

Ganglion cyst

# Presentation Buzz Words Mobile over subcutanoues tissues with a central necrotic core

Keratocanthoma

# Presentation Buzz Words A 28-year-old man presents with halitosis and regurgitation of food. He has a lump in the posterior triangle (behind the sternocleidomastoid between thyropharyngeal and cricopharyngeal muscles)

Pharyngeal pouch

# Presentation Buzz Words Usually painless unless there is infection involved. The back of the cyst is deep to the sternocleidomastoid and it is not very mobile because it is attached to/closely associated with surrounding structures

Branchial cyst

# Presentation Buzz Words Measuring lead

Whole blood lead concentration corrected for haematocrit (not serum lead)

# Presentation Buzz Words Four degreses of haemorrhoids

First degree - remains in the rectum Second degree - pops out on defecation, but pops back in afterwards Third degree - pops out on defecation and needs finger to push it back in Fourth degree - cannot be reduced

# Presentation Buzz Words Coeliac disease

Gastrointestinal lymphoma

# Presentation Buzz Words Psoas shadow + senile loop of proximal jejunum

Acute pancreatitis

# Presentation Buzz Words 40-year-old woman presents with skin hyperpigmentation after bilateral adrenalectomy

Nelson's syndrome

# Presentation Buzz Words Diagnostic test for acromegaly

Oral glucose tolerance test

# Presentation Buzz Words 30-year-old woman with poor diet complains of bleeding gums

Patient has scurvy hence deficient in vitamin C

# Presentation Buzz Words Symmetrical dermatitis on sun exposed skin, diarrhoea

Pellagra from loss of nictonic acid (vitamin B3). | Diarrhoea, dermatitis, dementia & death

# Presentation Buzz Words Amphotericin + prominent U waves

Hypokalaemia

# Presentation Buzz Words Long term TPN + crusting around the nostrils and corner of mouth

Zinc deficiency

# Presentation Buzz Words Treating hypercalcaemia associated with malignancy

Bisphosphonates

# Presentation Buzz Words Increased urine osmolality = increase in reabsorption of water + decreased plasma osmolality

SIADH

# Presentation Buzz Words Decreased urine osmolality + increased plasma osmolality

Diabetes insipidus (either cranial when pituitary not secreting OR nephrogenic when kidenys are not sensitive to ADH)

# Presentation Buzz Words Hyponatermia + hyperlipidaemia

Pseudohyponatraemia refers to a spuriously low plasma sodium concentration caused by hyperlipidaemia/hyperproteinaemia

# Presentation Buzz Words PTH-releasing tumour

Squamous cell carcinoma (non-small cell lung)

# Presentation Buzz Words Painful proximal motor neuropathy affecting the lower limbs, followed by weakness and wasting of the thigh muscles

Diabetic amyotrophy

# Presentation Buzz Words Diabetes plus pro-thrombotic state

HONK

# Presentation Buzz Words T1DM with hypoglycaemia with BG of 2mmol/L

IV 50% glucose

# Presentation Buzz Words Livedo reticularis = mottled reticulated vascular pattern that appears like a lace-like purplish discoloration of the lower extremities; look for on buttocks and legs

Cholesterol emboli

# Presentation Buzz Words Hyperkalaemia + low bicarbonate in renal failure

Metabolic acidosis

# Presentation Buzz Words Abdominal pain + steatorrhoea + diabetes

Chronic pancreatitis secondary to alcoholism

# Presentation Buzz Words Health care worker + rigors

# Presentation Buzz Words Pleuritic chest pain + cough + bone pain/joint pain (i.e. multi-organ) + Northern Territory

Melioidosis

# Presentation Buzz Words Patient complains of enlarged glands more painful when drinking alcohol

Hodgkin's lymphoma

# Presentation Buzz Words Pregnant lady + UTI

Cephalexin or amoxicillin + clavaunic acid

# Presentation Buzz Words First line medication for chlamydia

Tetracyclines (don't use in pregnancy)

# Presentation Buzz Words Teeth staining + oesophagitis + thrush

Tetracylince side effects

# Presentation Buzz Words Yellow offensive vaginal discharge + motile flagellate organism on wet film

Trichomonas vaginalis

# Presentation Buzz Words Trichomonas vaginalis/flagellate organism

Metronidazole

# Presentation Buzz Words Impetigo = a weeping, exudative area with a characteristic honey coloured crusting on the surface

Staph aureus

# Presentation Buzz Words Burrows in digital web spaces

Scabies (treat with topical malathion)

# Presentation Buzz Words Invasive aspergillosis

IV amphotericin

# Presentation Buzz Words Tinea pedis

Terbinafine

# Presentation Buzz Words Warfarin + fungal toe-nails, what to avoid?

The -azoles are CYP450 inhibitors hence enhance toxicity of warfarin

# Presentation Buzz Words CMV retinitis = mozzarella and tomato pizza appearance

Ganciclovir

# Presentation Buzz Words Hepatitis C

Interferon alpha + ribavirin

# Presentation Buzz Words Vomitting, hyperventilation, tinnitus and sweating + respiratory alkalosis (caused by hyperventilation) followed by metabolic acidosis

Aspirin overdose = give charcoal

# Presentation Buzz Words Drowsy + hypotensive + signs of respiratory depression

Overdose on diazepam = give flumazenil

# Presentation Buzz Words Dilated pupils, blurred vision and seizures + tachycardic and wide QRS complexes

Overdose on TCA = give sodium bicarbonate as antidote

# Presentation Buzz Words Illegal drugs that dilate the pupil

TCA = tricyclics, cocaine, amphetamine

# Presentation Buzz Words Illegal drugs that constrict the pupil

Heroin = treat with naloxone

# Presentation Buzz Words Smell of almonds on his breath + confusion + cyanosis

Cyanide poisoning

# Presentation Buzz Words Headache + drowsy + vomitting + flushed cherry-pink skin

Carbon monoxide poisoning - treat with hyperbaric oxygen therapy

# Presentation Buzz Words Antidote for organophosphate insecticides (constricted pupils + anti-SLUDGE)

Atropine

# Presentation Buzz Words Paints + metal workers + water pipes

Lead poisoning

# Presentation Buzz Words Overdose on lead/mercury

Give dimercaprol

# Presentation Buzz Words HIV therapy presents with circumoral paraesthesia + glucose intolerance + hypertriglyceridemia

Protease inhibitors (end in avir)

# Presentation Buzz Words Photosensitivity + treatment of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation

Amiodarone

# Presentation Buzz Words Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus drug cause

Lithium

# Presentation Buzz Words Metal taste + loss of weight = diabetes drug

Metformin

# Presentation Buzz Words Increased weight = diabetes drug

Sulphonylurea = gliclazide

# Presentation Buzz Words Spironolactone + ACE inhibitor = side effect?

Hyperkalaemia

# Presentation Buzz Words Treatment of migraine that causes dystonia

Metoclopramide

# Presentation Buzz Words Gum hypertrophy, nausea, vomitting, tremor and acne

Phenytoin SE

# Presentation Buzz Words Pancreatitis rare side effect of treatment for epilepsy

Valproate

# Presentation Buzz Words Dyspepsia caused by a drug

NSAIDs

# Presentation Buzz Words Fever + jaundice + reddened conjunctivae + renal failure + pulmonary haemorrhage

Weil's disease OR Leptospira icterohaemorrhagiae = treat with penicillin

# Presentation Buzz Words Metastatic breast cancer with vomiting and abdominal pain + dry mucous membranes + relatively high calcium

Bone mets = treat with IV fluids + pamidronate

# Presentation Buzz Words Bitten by bat's

Rabies (rhabdovirus - incubation time of 3 months - get fever, malaise, headache and itching at the site of the bite, hyperexcitability to auditory and visual stimulation)

# Presentation Buzz Words Treatment of MS

Acutely = methylprednisolone Maintenance = interferon beta (reduces number of relapses)