pressure groups

Question 1

PETA objective

Answer 1

to prevent animal suffering and advocate for the rights of animals

Question 2

PETA methods

Answer 2

undercover investigations
customer boycotts
protests and demonstrations

Question 3

PETA general info
finance
type
members

Answer 3

• funded through individual donations
• outsider pressure group
• 9 million members

Question 4

success x1 of PETA

Answer 4

ended forced swim tests which major pharmaceutical companies such as Pfizer carried out

Question 5

shelter aim

Answer 5

a response to the UK’s housing crisis

Question 6

shelter general info
finance
type x2
finance

Answer 6

donations 54% of funding
cause group, insider group as it lobbies government and local authorities for new laws
raised £48.2 mil pounds in 2020

Question 7

CBI aims

Answer 7

to maintain british industry as a world player

Question 8

CBI general
type
type

Answer 8

insider pressure group, mainly converse with govt
a sectional interest group

Question 9

CBI success x1

Answer 9

gina miller challenged the government on the withdrawal agreement of Brexit, she was a member of the CBI

Question 10

just stop oil aim

Answer 10

to convince the british govt to commit to ending new fossil fuel licensing and production

Question 11

Just stop oil general
type
methods x3

Answer 11

outsider group
methods - civil resistance, direct action, vandalism

Question 12

examples of just stop oil protests

Answer 12

disrupting BBC proms concert at the Royal Albert Hall and Wimbledon
Shutting down major roads such as the M25

Question 13

Kill the Bill aim

Answer 13

in respisne to the proposed Police, Crime, Sentencing and Courts Bill in 2021 which restricted the right to protest, with anyone refusing to follow police direction at a protest would be fined

aims to stop the bill and protect civil liberties

Question 14

methods of Kill the Bill

Answer 14

protests and demonstrations
social media campaigns - started off as #killthebill

Question 15

Kill the Bill funding

Answer 15

primarily through internet crowdfunding

Question 16

Kill the Bill type of organisation x3

Answer 16

cause group
social movement
outsider group

Question 17

what do outsider groups rely on

Answer 17

public demonstrations etc to exert pressure

Question 18

example of a killthebill success

Answer 18

protests in london in april 2021

Question 19

british medical association purpose

Answer 19

represents, supports and negotiates on behalf of all UK doctors. fight for best conditions

Question 20

methods of the BMA

Answer 20

lobbying as well as campaigning

Question 21

what is the BMA general

Answer 21

• trade union
• core-insider group

Question 22

success of BMA

Answer 22

2001 gained government recognition over the recruitment crisis in general practice as a result of lobbying.

created the Strike Fund in Motion which distributed money to striking workers.

Question 23

BMA finance

Answer 23

annual membership fees which = £50 million

Question 24

example of lobbying

Answer 24

BMA 2016
lobbied to force government to withdraw a new contract for junior hospital doctors

Question 25

collecting information and offering specialised knowledge to policy-makers example

Answer 25

Action on smoking and health (ASH) conducts and shares research with the govrenment and public to stop harmful effects of smoking

Question 26

email campaigns ecample

Answer 26

Friends of the Earth mobilised supporters by urging them to contact their MPs

Question 27

Demonstrations example

Answer 27

Extinction Rebellion blocked major roads eg Oxford circus to persuade the govt to take immediate again against climate change

Question 28

publicity stunts example

Answer 28

just stop oil disruption of BBC Proms M25 shut down disruption of Wimbledon

Question 29

media campaigns example

Answer 29

used #killthebill to protest the Police, Crime, Sentencing and Courts Bill

Question 30

strike action example

Answer 30

BMA supporting the strike by distributing money through the Strike Fund in Motion

Question 31

Violent demonstrations x2

Answer 31

Animal liberation Front - to end mink farming for fur they released captive minks Green Peace - destroyed genetically modified crops to publicise the dangers

Question 32

factors affecting success of a pressure group x5

Answer 32

- size - funding - public opintion - government attitude - stragetic position of group (in society)

Question 33

pressure groups **enhance democracy** x5

Answer 33

- disperse power more widely - educate the public and policymakers - enable people to participate without a large sacrifice - protect minorities - call govt to account

Question 34

pressure groups threaten democracy x5

Answer 34

- can be elitist and tend to concentrate power especially in the **Westminster Bubble** - may distort information in their own interests - internally undemocratic - funding largely influences success - illegal actions

Question 35

example of educating the public and policymakers x1

Answer 35

ASH

Question 36

example of enabling more people to participate x1

Answer 36

1 in 10 adults are involved in an environmental group

Question 37

example of protecting minorities x1.5

Answer 37

BLM Stonewall - helped get gay marriage and legal recognition of same-sex couples as parents

Question 38

example of call govt to account x1

Answer 38

gina miller in her legal challenge with parliament over brexit, held theresa may's govt to account and ensured everything was going through parliament

Question 39

example of funding largely influences success x1

Answer 39

think tank Centre for Policy Studying employed David Cameron in 2018. needed lots of funding to do so

Question 40

example of illegal actions (threaten democracy x3

Answer 40

- just stop oil - greenpeace - Animal liberation front.

Question 41

example of think tanks directly influencing government policy x1

Answer 41

Under Johnson, the Legatum Institute and the Institute for Economic Affairs was known to guide Brexit policy

Question 42

example of think tanks giving new ideas x1

Answer 42

Adam Smith Institute argued to give British Citizenship to people from Hong Kong. the policy was introduced in 2021

Question 43

example of politicians who were in think tanks before politics x4 ppl

Answer 43

Patel, Truss, Kwarteng and Raab all previously worked for the Institute for Economic Affairs

Question 44

think tanks bad x2 plus example each

Answer 44

unelected and unaccountable eg 2019 the Centre for Policy Studies co-authored the Conservative Manifesto the institute for Public Policy Research contributed to the Labour Manifesto - their work is rarely transparent. able to hold private discussions with ministers and PM Liz Truss held meetings with the Institute for Economic Affairs.

Question 45

think tanks good tho x2 no example

Answer 45

- employ academics = provide government with high quality evidence. - represent a whole range of political viewpoints. this enhances democracy by increasing the range of ideas that are discussed.