Previous Exam Qs Flashcards by Eilidh Gilchrist

Who does amniocentesis

Pernatologist

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Who repairs 2nd degree tear?

Midwife

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Who does post-natal baby checks?

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mechanism of action of cyclizine

anti-histamine piperazine derivative with histamine H1 receptor antagonist

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mechanism of action of ondasetron

5HT receptor antagonist (serotonin)

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mechanism of action of domperidone/prochlorperazine

anti-dopamine Domperidone is a peripheral (d2) & (d3) receptor antagonist

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saline components

Na 154
Chlorine 154
potassium 0

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glucose components

Na 0
Chlorine 0
potassium 0

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hartmanns components

Na 131 
Ca 2 
K 5 
Cl 111 
lactate 29

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sore throat

pustules on hands & feet

coxsackie

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saddle nose

high serum ACE

SARCOID

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32 year old female with symmetrical poly arthritis &proteinuria

SLE

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female with dactylitis & DIP

psoriatic

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male with sternal pain & multiple lytic lesions

malignant myeloma

protein electrophoresis for bence jones proteins

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which therapy uses becks triad

CBT

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which food interacts with warfarin

green veg (high in vat K)

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freudian theory

psychoanalytical

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which fruit interferes with statins

grapefruit

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surfer who has gradual unilateral hearing loss

exostosis

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female who had permanent complete unilateral hearing loss in pregnancy

otosclerosis (pregnancy accelerates it)

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hearing loss after getting off a plane

tympanic perforation or glue ear

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female with dysphagia & anaemia

patterson Kelly brown

- iron deficiency associated with post-cricoid oesophageal web

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bird beak on barium swallow

achalasia

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nulliparous woman diabetic, endometrial biopsy thickening

endometrial hyperplasia

endometrial cancer

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women with previous breast cancer taking tamoxifen

endometrial hyperplasia | endometrial cancer

mild dyskariosis

repeat test within 6 months

severe dyskariosis

colposcopy

colposcopy shows ulcerated malignant lesion with discharge

LLETZ

man dragged out of river from downing what type of abg

mixed metabolic & respiratory acidosis

man in motercylce crash c spine fine, airway & breathing fine but weak radial pulse, what type of shock

hypovolaemic

give fluids to someone & they rapidly deteriorate

stop fluids | IV furoesemide

adrenaline IM

1:1000 1mg = 1ml

pulse + VT

amoidarone 300mg

bradycardia

atropine 500mcg

why does trimethoprim not work in upper UTI

doesn't penetrate renal parenchyma

why does antibiotics not help ulcer on foot

needs drainage - abscess is walled off from the drug

rectal too painful to examine, what next?

examine under anaesthesia

blood on toilet paper, pain

anal fissure

ankylosing spondylitis then has bloody diarrhoea for 2 weeks

cruise down river nile then has watery diarrhoea for 6 weeks investigation

urinary/stool microscopy to look for eggs

UPSI then painful red eye & dysuria investigation

first pass urine sample for PCR

man treated with abs for presumed pneumonia smoker returns 6 weeks later still hoarse

refer to ENT urgently

bulls pemphigoid immunofluorescence

linear IgG and C3 at basal membrane

dermatitis herpetiformis immunofluorescence

granular IgA at dermal papillae

stabbed in neck then shoulder pain

axillary nerve

elbow replacement then tingling in ring finger, positive froments

cubital tunnel syndrome

posterior hip dislocation

internal shortening

minimally displaced closed tibial fracture in middle aged

long leg cast delay application 3-5 days to allow swelling to diminish

unstable tibial fracture

operative fixation

ortolani

DDH | palpable sensation of femoral head gliding in and out of acetabular joint

barlow

DDH | adduct & push posteriorly

screening for AAA

abdo US | if > 5.5cm repair

bank pain, small pupils, red eyes

ank spond

treatment for anterior uveitis

topical prednisolone

treatment for acute closed angle glaucoma

IV acetazolamide

prevention of pre-eclampsia

aspirin, hydralazine, labetolol, nifedipine

treatment of eclampsia seizure

magnesium sulphate for 24 hours post seizure

squints first step management

correct refractive error

MS optic neuritis left eye

left central scotoma

man age 21 sounds like MS nystagmus pupils looking different directions

internuclear ophthalmoplegia

heliotrope rash, linear stress on hands, muscle pain

dermatomyositis

woman collapses high potassium low sodium glucose 3.1 daughter says not taking medication

addisonian crisis

girl with acne needing contraception

dianette

white patches on vaginal walls

candida albicans

bilateral red eyes in child

chlamydial conjunctivitis

woman with lesion on leg hard centre getting checked after friend had skin cancer

dermatofibroma

leg ulcers ABPI

> 0.8 for graduated compression

ABPI 0.4

refer to vascular surgeon

psoriasis histo

absent granular layer | hyper proliferation of keratinocyte

who must you inform when detaining emergency mental health act

MHO

someone accident what can you treat under if you can't get position

common law

chino woman being detained said its not fair and wants help to appeal

advocacy

malaria & typhoid

malarone

haematuria in someone back from abroad

schistomsomiasis

woman taking NSAIDs for hip replacement develops bleeding (ulcer)

acute erosive gastritir

bleading into breast haemophilia b

give factor 9 precipitate

ECG of someone collapsed with hypothermia

J waves

woman with angina pain with history of severe left knee oa

myocardial perfusion scan

pinpoint pupils and needle marks. most likely abg

metabolic acidosis

copd infective exacerbation abg

respiratory acidosis

gastric outlet obstruction abg

metabolic alkalosis

test for easy brushing and puffy face

low dose dexamethasone

sweating, palpitations, headache

urinary catecholamines | phaeochromocytoma

prostate cancer + back pain

spinal cord compression | treat with dexamethasone

best way to measure bp in HDU/ICU

invasive BP monitoring

BP in GP

validated arm cuff

BP test for white coat

24 hour ambulatory care

woman with tiredness pain and muscle stiffness

fibromyalgia

older lady vacant pauses, distracted, lasts for several hours, recover in less than 24 hours

partial status epilepticus

child born 34 weeks with no perinatal complications and normal development now age 1

cruises round furniture

child born 40 weeks no problems 3 months

head control

child with abdominal pain and joint pain and purpuric rash down buttocks and thighs feels slightly unwell

HSP

child 2 weeks old very unwell respiratory distress temp causative organism

bronchiolitis RSV

just born complication happen born and then 20 min later short of breath and needing O2 with fast RR

TTN

child slapped cheek

parovirus b19

child feeding well until moved onto solid food

coeliac disease

biceps reflex

triceps reflex

knee reflex

ankle reflex

scan in someone with prostate cancer and back pain

technetium bone scan

man with chest pain radiating to jaw which investigation

ECG & troponin

man with chest pain relieved by sitting forward. post-MI pericarditis. which investigation? <1 week

ECG

man with chest pain relieved by sitting forward. post-MI pericarditis. which investigation? >1 week

echo

1st line for BPH

alpha blocker tamsulosin

older man with macroscopic haematuria & weight loss

urgent referral to urology

woman with darker buccal mucosa

Addisons | ACTH

IV coamoxiclav and clari for severe pneumonia obs stable for 48 hours

change down to oral doxy

someone being treated with IV fluclox for endocardititis results come back & it's sensitive to this obs stable

stay on same IV regimen - deep seated infection

pyrexic with tonic clonic fits in the last 48 hours

viral encephalitis

offshore worker who presents with severe sudden onset headache

SAH

31 year old smoker wants oral contraception. previous arterial disease.

POP

persistent vaginal bleeding in mid 50s and IMB

refer to gynae

olanzapine + dry mouth which NT

acetylcholine (anti-muscarininc effects)

PTSD best treatment

eye movement desensitisation reprocessing

man 6 weeks conjunctivitis and conjunctival follicles unresponsive to one week of topical chloramphenicol

chlamydial conjunctivitis

person with contact lenses, red painful eye

bacterial keratitis/corneal ulcer

back pain, red eye

anterior uveitits

what does LH stimulate

testosterone | ovulation

corpus lute secretes

progesterone

sperm stored

epididymis

woman with galactorrhea

prolactin secreting tumour

hypopituitary & bitemproal hemianopia

non-functioning adenoma

sweaty, thick skin, big hands

GH secreting tumour

parkinsons neuotransmitter defect

low dopamine

alzheimers neurotransmitter defect

low acetylcholine

depression neurotransmitter defect

low 5 hydroxytryptamine (serotonin)

compartment syndrome of extensor part of lower leg which structure most affected

deep fibular nerve

old lady constipated for a while and has pain best Ix

abdo xray

akathisia

inner feeling of restlessness | typical anti-psychotics

which disease has degenerated NBM (nucleus basalts meynert)

alzheimers

heritability of schizo

80%

severe frontal lobe change and progressive language impairment Ix

specialist for uterine artery emobolisation

radiologist

CF mutation - who to talk to

geneticists

gynaecology cancer but wants to retain fertility who to talk to

gynaecology monologist

which neurotransmitter in myasthenia gravis

acetylcholine

headache + tingling in arms

migraine with aura

person refuses to change diet even though it will be good for health

health behaviour model

patient had gastric resection now unsteady on feet

B12 deficiency

high ash + TPO antibodies

hashimoto's

what age do u give fit d supplement until

reduced iodine uptake and recent febrile illness

post-viral thyroiditis

fritty eye & TSH antibodies

graves

cause of polyuria in diabetes

osmotic effect of glucose

treatment of ENT polyps

steroids

sinusitis less than 3 days treatment

decongestants

trauma then blocked nose

septal haematoma | tx - septoplasty

white spidery lesion on mucosa of mouth

lichenoid planus

painless rolled ulcer in mouth

mouth cancer

best topical treatment for dry eczema

lotions

diabetic has diarrhoea

autonomic neuropathy

mid-dilated pupil red eye

acute closed angle glaucoma

deep violaceous and painful eye

scleritis

red eye no pain pool of blood

subconjunctival haemorrhage

name interaction of donepezil and atenolol = hypotension

drug-drug interaction

BDZ causing memory loss name of interaction

idiosyncratic effect

headache and stiff shoulders

PMR with GCA | test = PV

head lagging & dysphonia

MG | test = antiacetylcholine receptor antibodies

which direction are amino acids transcribed in

5' to 3' direction

in labour if baby has HR of 5-

emergency c-section

woman not dilating in labour

give oxytocin

CSF gram positive cocci in patient who had splenectomy

pneuomoccal meningitis

orphan Annie nuclei

papillary thyroid cancer

diabetic patient has psychosis

treat with typical eg haloperidol as atypical cause metabolic syndrome

treatment of lower body dementia

acetylcholinesterase inhibitor (-stimgine)

pregnant lade large for dates with sore abdomen

uterine fibroid due to red degeneration

C5 supplies

side of arm

L1 supples

groin

vasomotor rhinitis

elderly thin clear dischard

perennial rhinitis

patient is runny nose with cat

lady has delivered but bleeding heavy

syntometrine

protienuria + hypertension in pregnancy

labetolol

gestations 1st trim

< 12 weeks

pre-term labour

25-37 weeks

post dates

> 42 weeks

epiglottitis

stridor & drooling

rusty brown sputum + severe cough in child

pneumonia

malingering

patient pretending for gain

femoral nerve block weakens which muscles

of anterior thigh - hip flexors (pectinous, iliac, sartorius), knee extensors (quads)

history of PID, ectopic, fears injection contraception

POP

emergency contraception, > 5 days post sex day 16 of cycle

copper coil

heavy periods

mirena

low mood, continual deliberate self harm

schizo

overdose dSH

depression

myeloma would cause

high calcium

deep dyspareunia, fixed retroverted uterus

endometriosis

BMI 38 irregular periods

PCOS

menorrhagia & a pussy discharge

PID

dad has haemophilia and wife pregnant with son which test

none - can't give it to son (X linked)

mind racing with worries drinks alcohol to calm

generalised anxiety

dismantling electrical equipment because of fear of recording

schizo

the physiological change in elderly

increasing heterogeneity

which neurotransmitter causes sedation

histamine

patient has taken a drug and has cardiac arrhythmias

amphetamines

which investigation for prolapsed disc

MRI

Pt has had a SAH and has normal CT, which Ix

lumbar puncture as there is no risk of coning

Papilledema, headache and hemiparesis

brain CT

steady state for 1st order

rate of administration = rate of elimination

irritable, callous, no responsibility, expects family to do everything

dissocial personality

binge drinker, self harm, overly sexual, DSH, intense relationships, dependant

borderline

works really heard doesn't spend many on his wife

OCD PD

patient has increased ET

endometrial biopsy

patient suspects menopaus

check LH/FSH

PCB & IMB which test

colposcopy

man on 3 antihypertensives keeps fainitng

iatrogenic

sudden headache, very dizzy, nerve happened before

vestibular migraine

vertigo & tingling in arms

vertebrobasilar insufficiencey

mum calls police cause kid has her phone

inappropriate emergency response

alcoholic dad, child stays off school to look after him

child carer

depressed mum so dad having sex with kid

inappropriate roles

old lade, constipaition, bleeding, colicky abdominal pain

diverticulitis

alcohol, PMH of gallstones, epigastric pain

pancreatitis

shoulder pain on right and abdominal pain

cholecystitis

biggest risk factor for borderline PD

sexual abuse

in CPR how long should you exhale for rescue breaths

3 secs

which nerve supplies supinator

carpet fitter swelling & pain in knee

bursitis

patient has fibroadenoma next step

reassurance

most likely complication in baby born at 25 weeks

RDS

baby born by c-section most likely complication

TTN

mum was diabetic baby complication

hypoglycaemia in baby

woman has T2DM & on tamoxifen

endometrial cancer

imperforate hymen

endometriosis

DUB best treatment

tranexamic acid

woman cannot cough properly which nerve

recurrent laryngeal

sternocleidomastoid which nerve

CN11

alcoholic confused and drowsy

subdural

boxer unconscious and confused

extradural middle meningeal artery rupture

headache after sex

benign coital cephalgia

headache fever worse on leaning forward

frontal sinusitis

diffuse axonal injury in patient in coma after crash

calcium influx and excitotoxity

bilateral lymphoendema, not hot/swollen, chest rest all normal investigation

pelvic UC

retired chef 40 years leg lymphedema dark angle discolourations

doppler US

flagella under microscope

trichomonas

gram negative diplococci

gonorrhoea

sore ulcers on labia

HSV

loss of lumbar lordosis

ank spond? mechanical back pain?

back pain back giving after lifting

slipped disc

girl having absences at school PMHs generalised tonic clonic

absence seizure

absences at school, throwing cereal in morning

juvenile myoclonic epilepsy

infant had temp 38.9 given abs by gp then seizure

febrile

red rash flexor surface of forearm very itchy

lichen planus

itchy blistering rash sore abode change in bowel

dermatitis herptiformis

child itchy at night excoriations only

scabies

woman ankle ulcer just healed ABPI good on both legs

compression stockings

1-2cm ulcer on leg getting slowly bigger

biopsy

old copd patient abg

type 2 respiratory failure

alcoholic poor memory amnesia

jorsakoffs

detention in old man behavioural changes embarrassing children

fronto-temporal dementia

dementia angina diabetes sudden change in memory

vascular dementia

truisms unilateral pain deviated uvula

quinsy

extra capsular inter trochanteric fracture

slicing screw + plate (DHS)

woman had children N&V then sudden onset dizziness lasting 2 hours

acute labrynthitis

woman had children weakness in face vertigo previous ep weakness

guy gets dizzy standing up

autonomic

Parkinsons disease started on new med with falls

postural hypotension

PR depression

pericarditis

normal CXR + history of chest infection

pneumocystis jirovecii

croup

parainfluenza virus

treatment of giardiasis

metronidazole

person with LD doesn't understand what pills are for

CMHN/CPN

LD can't communicate

SALT

swimming in lake Malawi haematuria

schistosomiasis

back from Kenya with fever

malaria (thick/thin blood film)

oil worker white raised patches at back of throat back from africa

hiv

heart failure on ACEI + diuretic

add b blocker

heart failure on ACEI get hyperkalaemia

isorbide mononitrate

pneumonia CURB65 = 0, wheezy and cough, pen allergic

doxycycline

dot & blot haemorrhages on fundoscopy from India BMI >30, BP 150/100

diabetic retinopathy

depression

SSRI

prep woman feels stuff coming down back passage blood on wiping

haemorrhooids

5cm lump from anal verge

cancer

most kidney stones

calcium oxalate

child at party eaten peanut cyanosed SOB trachea deviated

foreign body

someone started on ciprofloxacin + diarrhoea

c. diff

polyhydramnios and no foetal stomach on USS

oesophageal atresia

polyhydramnios and new onset diabetes

gestational diabetes

telling public health about communicable diseases

communitarianism

girl facies dr so he changes care to another dr

deontology

woman dying dr increases morphine to cover pain even though she will die quicker

double effect doctrine

red eye + discharge

conjunctivitisi

pain on eating/shaving

trigeminal neuralgia

clusterheadache

migrainous nerualgia

mid diastolic murmur af loud s1 heart sound most at risk of

cerebral emoboli.stroke

40ish woman still having periods but mood swings & hot flushes which HRT

oral oestrogen + mirena

51 year old woman with hot flushes, night sweats, 18 months since last period- menopause

continuous combined HRT

younger woman still having irregular periods

sequential combined hrt

sore throat asthmatic on steroids

nystatin liquid

long acting increased glucose into muscle fat

insulatard

acarbose side effect

flatulance (works by binding to glucose)

MoA metformin

AMPK & reduced gluconeogenesis

stroke MCA territory classic presentation painful neck horners

carotid dissection

RTA hit on rite side was fine then deteriorated

extradural haematoma

earlier classification of early opioid toxicity

hallucination + drowsy

better with crying in 9 month old baby

laryngomalacia

drooling baby epiglottitis

call 999

mastoiditis

acute admission

cholesteatoma

urgent ENT

pain on eating

dentists

persistent sexual thoughts about woman at his church more he thinks about it, worse it gets, keeps telling you he is in a happy marriage

OCD | thought dystonic

someone to speak to the family about diseases

CPN

treatment of vault prolapse

sacrospinous fixations

best treatment for urthreocele with no other PMH

pelvic floor exercises

PCOS

dianette

28 year old woman no periods for 2 years no other PMHs otherwise well raised GnRH

primary ovarian failure

80 year old woman with nodules on finger joints

x-ray

retired teacher with falls & tremor but not intention termor

Lewy body?

taxi driver getting lost giving wrong change

alzheimer's

falls when shaving face

carotid sinus massage

5 year old bruising on shin

accidental

176. 3 year old had cold, had rash now diffuse bruising, brother has recurrent nosebleeds

ITP

resp depression after orthodontist surgery

40mcg naloxone

boy doesn't like doing presentations drinking more and more on nights out

social phobia

boy running out in front of cars LD trouble with police inattention

ADHD

woman anxious phoning parents all the time

GAD

totally random panic attacks tingling in fingers sweating palpitations

panic disorder

classic discription of lichen planus

autoimmune process with moss like appearance

girl with hopes on lib

swab for viral PCR

boy with lesion between to then got erythematous round lesion with crusting at edges

skin scraping

impetigo

bacterial swab

target lesions

erythema multiform | IgM depositions in vasculature

legionella

urine antigen test

gardenella

stool microscopy

viral hep

blood serology

drug interactions

BNF

local prescription info

TAF

antepartum haemorrhage tense uterus no foetal heartbeat

placental abruption

antepartum haemorrhage transervse lie

placenta peravia

pelicans fracture & binder mid femur fracture in RDS

fat embolues

treatment of dendritic ulcer

acyclovir

treatment of open angle glaucoma

timolol

farmer has a cat & recurrent rhinisitis

RASST

chronic sinusitis and discharge

CT sinus

allergic rhinitis no previous treatment

steroid inhaler

kid projectile vomiting hungry after crossing centiles/failing to thrive

pyloric stenosis so needs ramsteads pylorotomy

 ECG changes in COPD

prominent p wave in leads 2,3, rightward shift of QRS axis, and poor progession of R wave, low voltage QRS complex

hypocalcaemia ecg

u wave

Christmas disease (haemophilia b)

groin pain

CN12 damage

tongue towards (Twelve Tongue Towards)

first column to go in diabetic neuropathy

dorsal column

SOL and increasing ICP

dexamethasone

dusky colon

ischaemic

nutcracker oesophagus

characterized by contractions in the smooth muscle of the oesophagus in a normal sequence but at an excessive amplitude or duration

white spots on soft palate and ear pain is

Ramsay hunt

Previous Exam Qs Flashcards

(345 cards)