Primary lesions with examples Flashcards Preview

Dermatology > Primary lesions with examples > Flashcards

Flashcards in Primary lesions with examples Deck (10)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

What are primary skin lesions?

A

They develope from originally normal skin and are directly associated with a disease process.

2
Q

Which are the primary lesions?

A
  • Macule/patche
  • Papule
  • Plaque
  • Nodule
  • Wheal
  • Vesicle
  • Pustule
  • Cyst
3
Q

What are macules? Patches?

Examples?

A

Circumbscribed skin with altered color, without any elevation or depression.

A macular rash is called macular exanthema.

A patch is a macule > 1cm in diameter.

Examples of macules:

Vitiligo (white macules)

“Café au lait spots” (brown macules)

Mongolian spots (blue macules)

Port wine staines (red macules)

4
Q

What is a papule?

Examples?

A

Superficial, solid, raised lesions usually < 1cm in diameter with well or ill-defined borders. It is infiltrative.

A papular rash is called papular exanthema.

Examples:

  • Solitary papules:
    • Dermal nevus, basal cell carcinoma, nodular melanoma
  • Multiple papules:
    • ​Condyloma acuminata, lichen planus, syringomas, psoriasis, secondary syphilis, neurofibromatosis, …
5
Q

What is a plaque?

Examples?

A

Flat-topped, plateau-like solid elevation (papule) > 1cm with infiltration.

Examples:

  • Solitary plaques:
    • Lichen simplex chronicus, Bowen’s disease, superficial spreading melanoma, …
  • Multiple plaques:
    • Psoriasis, mycosis fungoides
  • Lichenification:
    • ​Atopic dermatitis, eczematous dermatitis, psoriasis, mycosis fungoides, …
6
Q

What is a nodule?

Examples?

A

It is solid, round or oval, non-flat-topped elevation (papule) which is > 2cm in diameter. Arises from the dermis or subcutis.

​Examples:

  • Solitary nodules:
    • Dermal nevus, basal cell carcinoma, nodular melanoma, …
  • Mutliple nodules:
    • ​Lipoma, metastatic melanoma, metastatic cancer
7
Q

What is a wheal?

Examples?

A

Erythematous plaque of dermal origin. Edema under the surface. Characteristic of uritcaria.

Disappears within 24-48h.

A rash consisting of wheals is called urticarial exanthema or urticaria.

8
Q

What is a vesicle? Bulla?

Examples?

A

Circumbscribed epidermal or dermal clear fluid-filled raised lesion (blister) < 0.5cm in diameter. If > 0.5cm it is a bulla.

Examples of vesicular/bullous lesions:

Herpes simplex

Herpes zoster

Varicella bullous pemphigoid

Heat trauma

9
Q

What is a pustule?

Examples?

A

It is a raised vesicle filled with pus, which may be white, yellow, green or hemorrhagic.

Examples:

Folliculitis barbae

Impetigo

Pustular psoriasis

Smallpox

Herpes simplex and zoster

10
Q

What is a cyst?

Examples?

A

Cavity (closed sac) in the skin containing air, serous, pustular or haemorrhagic fluid, or semi-solid material (such as sebum). It’s covered by an epithelial wall.

Examples:

Epidermal cyst

Eccrine hydrocystoma

Cystic basal cell carcinoma