primate evolution

Question 1

what order are humans in?

Answer 1

primates

Question 2

what are homologies?

Answer 2

closest living relatives, look for characters shared by descent

Question 3

how much of our genes do we share with chimpanzees?

Answer 3

more then 98%

Question 4

what was the scope monkey trial (1975)?

Answer 4

texas school board challenged the teaching of evolution

Question 5

what happened 65 million years ago?

Answer 5

primates evolved and dinosaurs went extinct

Question 6

what are hominoids?

Answer 6

apes and monkeys

Question 7

when did monkeys replace apes?

Answer 7

in the Miocene 23-5 million years ago

Question 8

what is the primate taxonomy?

Answer 8

diverse taxa with 424 listed species, 25 added since 2000

Question 9

what are 7 characteristics of some primates?

Answer 9

• opposable big toes and thumbs
• dry nose
• flat nails, not claws
• generalised dentition
• hind-limb dominated locomotion
• forward facing eyes
• binocular vision

Question 10

who was carl von linne?

Answer 10

father of modern taxonomy

Question 11

what did carl von linne develop?

Answer 11

the binomial nomenclature

Question 12

what is the binomial nomenclature?

Answer 12

two part naming system, genus in upper case, species in lowercase e.g. Homo sapiens

Question 13

what did pozzi et al (2014) study?

Answer 13

molecular phylogenetics and evolution

Question 14

what did pozzi et al (2014) discover?

Answer 14

Order, Family, Genus, Species

Question 15

what type of animal are we?

Answer 15

great apes (hominids)

Question 16

what are 3 characteristics of great apes?

Answer 16

flexible shoulders, upright posture, lack tails

Question 17

what is the human primate taxonomy?

Answer 17

Primate, Hominidae, Homo, Sapeins

Question 18

what is the chimpanzee primate taxonomy?

Answer 18

Primate, Hominidae, Pan, Troglodytes

Question 19

what is socioecology?

Answer 19

how ecological forces shape the size and structure of social groups

Question 20

what life are most primates adapted for?

Answer 20

life in the trees (aboreal)

Question 21

in what ways do primates have slower life history compared to similarly-sized mammals?

Answer 21

• small litter
• longer pregnancy
• longer juvenile period
• longer life span

Question 22

what are the 5 mating systems?

Answer 22

solitary, polygyny (one-male), polygyny (multi-male), monogamy, polyandry

Question 23

what is solitary mating?

Answer 23

one male mates with the other females

Question 24

what is clumped competition?

Answer 24

fight for limited resources

Question 25

what is scramble competition?

Answer 25

there are enough resources so no need to fight, do own thing

Question 26

which 2 animals are the best living models for the phylogeny of human behaviour and cognition?

Answer 26

chimpanzees and bonobos

Question 27

which animal is most studied?

Answer 27

chimpanzees

Question 28

what are 3 characteristics of chimpanzees?

Answer 28

good at solving physical problems, aggressive, fight over food share

Question 29

what did hermann et al (2007) discover about cimpanzees?

Answer 29

they are not great in the social domain, they couldn't learn how to get a balloon out of a tube (social learning)

Question 30

what is there a debate about apes having?

Answer 30

an implicit theory of mind

Question 31

why is there a debate about apes having an implicit theory of mind?

Answer 31

they look for a hidden object where the zoo keeper looks