Primer on Evidence-Based Medicine Flashcards
2,047 retracted papers in the biomedical and life sciences were analzyed. What is the reason for three-quarters of the retractions for which they could determine the cause?
misconduct
Who found that misconduct is the reason for 3/4 of retractions for which they could determine the cause?
National academy of the sciences
What is Dr. Mahoney’s definition of EBM?
Examination of the evidence from clinical research to justify the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of patients
What type of treatment is rendered under evidence based medicine?
combination of the evidence in the literature and the personal experience of the health professional
EBM involves learning what 2 things?
- efficient literature-searching techniques
2. formal rules of evidence in evaluating the clinical literature
When was the Era of lack of randomized controlled trials and dependence on experts or “authority”
Pre-1980s
What is the NEw School approach to life?
Observations can be biased-need a systematic scientific approach to analyze the observations
What are mahoney’s 6 levels of evidence?
Meta-analysis Systematic Review Randomized Controlled Trial Cohort Studies Case-Control Studies Case Series/Case Reports Animal Research/Laboratory Studies/Cadaveric Studies
What type of study combines data from numerous studies (can be Level 1, 2, or 3)?
meta-analysis
What study involves a group of subjects are observed over time for development or progression of disease
cohort
What study involves a measurement at one point in time: a survey
cross-sectional
What is a retrospective comparison of patients with and without disease
case-control
What study report on details of a patient or group of patients
case report/case series
What is a study that involves a group of subjects that is either treated or observed depending on a custom randomization.
randomized control trial
What questions are best answered by Meta-analysis or systematic review?
treatment
