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NCLEX: Pediatric > Principles And Normal Growth And Development > Flashcards

Principles And Normal Growth And Development Flashcards

(74 cards)

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1
Q

Strict parenting style with inflexible rules and little communication with child

A

Authoritarian

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2
Q

The ideal parenting style with flexible rules and open communication with the child

A

Authoritative

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3
Q

Parenting style with minimal rules (little control) and lots of warmth; parent might consider their child as more of a friend

A

Permissive

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4
Q

Parenting style with minimal rules and communication creating a more neglectful environment

A

Indifferent/passive

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5
Q

From birth to age 2, children are at high risk for _________ based on piagets sensorimotor stage of cognitive development

A

Choking

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6
Q

Examples of foods that are choking hazards for children

A

Anything round or requiring lots of mastication: hot dogs (cut into quarters), nuts/seeds, chunks of meat or cheese, peanut butter, raw vegetables, whole grapes, hard or sticky candy, popcorn, chewing gum

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7
Q

S/S of choking in the pediatric population

A

Wheezing, stridor (high-pitched gasp), coughing, dyspnea, clutching of neck with hands, inability to speak, cyanosis

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8
Q

Interventions for choking for children less than one year old

A

Back blows and chest thrusts

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9
Q

Interventions for choking for children over the age of one year

A

Abdominal thrusts

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10
Q

If a child is choking and becomes unconscious, perform _____

A

CPR

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11
Q

Multiple injuries in different phases of healing, bruises (cheek, neck, genitals, buttocks, back), bruises in shape of causative object, burns in the shape of an object/immersion burn, and spiral fractures are examples of

A

Physical abuse

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12
Q

Signs of shaken-baby syndrome, a type of physical abuse

A

Poor feeding, irritability, lethargy, vomiting, seizures, periods of apnea, retinal hemorrhage

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13
Q

Extreme behavior and delayed physical/emotional development are signs of

A

Emotional abuse

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14
Q

Difficulty walking or sitting, advanced understanding or sexual behavior for age, STIs, frequent UTIs, and new onset nocturnal enuresis (bed-wetting at night) are signs of

A

Sexual abuse

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15
Q

Frequent absences from school, begging for food or stealing, unclean clothes, excessive body odor, poor dental health, and inappropriate attire for weather are signs of

A

Neglect

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16
Q

A child less than the ___th percentile or greater than the ___th percentile needs further investigation

A

5; 95

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17
Q

Normal temperature for infants and children

A

97.4-99.6 F (36.3-37.6. C)

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18
Q

Normal pulse range for infants and children

A

Infants: 100-160 bpm
Children 70-120 bpm

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19
Q

Normal respirations for infants and children

A

Infants: 30-60 breaths/min
Children: 20-30 breaths/min

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20
Q

Normal blood pressure in infants and children

A

Infants: 65-90/45-65
Children: 90-110/55-75

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21
Q

The FLACC scale is used for children between the ages of 2 months and 7 years and assesses

A

Face, legs, activity, cry, consolability

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22
Q

The faces scale is compromised of 6 drawings of faces to rate pain from a scale of 0 to 5 and is used in children greater than or equal to ___ years old

A

3

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23
Q

The numeric pain scale can be used for children greater than or equal to ___ years old

A

8

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24
Q

The only vaccination given at birth is

A

HBV

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25
There are three shots given for HBV. When are these shots given?
At birth, two months of age, and 6 months of age
26
MMR and varicella aren’t given until children are at least ___ months of age
12
27
Season influenza vaccine should be given beginning at ___ months of age
6
28
Age groups for meningococcal vaccine
11-12; 16 years of age
29
HPV vaccine is given ideally around 11-12 years old and helps to prevent
Cancer
30
Contraindications for live virus vaccines
Children less than 1 year old, immunocompromised or pregnant patients
31
Contraindication for HBV and HPV vaccine
Yeast allergy
32
Contraindication for rotavirus vaccine
History of intussusception
33
An allergy to streptomycin, polymyxin B, or neomycin is contraindicated for receiving which vaccine?
Polio vaccine
34
_________ allergy is a contraindication of MMR and varicella vaccination
Neomycin
35
Vaccination site for children less than 12 months of age
Vastus lateralis
36
It isn’t until the age of ___ that children begin to understand the permanence of death
6
37
Preschooler concept of death
May view death as temporary, may believe their thoughts or actions caused the death, may exhibit behaviors of regression
38
How should the nurse instruct a parent to measure liquid medication for their child?
With a calibrated measurement device and at eye-level
39
An infant should double their birth weight by the time they are ___-___ months old
4-6
40
At one year old, the infant should have _________ their birth weight
Tripled
41
Closure of posterior fontanel
6-8 weeks
42
Closure of anterior fontanel
12-18 months
43
When does an infant first erupt their first tooth?
6 months (starting with bottom teeth first)
44
All baby teeth should be grown in by age ___
3
45
Infants should have head control by ___ months of age
4
46
An infant should be able to sit up unsupported by ___ months of age
8
47
Between 8-10 months, infants begin to
Crawl/creep
48
An infant should be able to pull to a standing position or sitting position by ___ months of age
10
49
Between ___-___ months, infants should be able to stand alone and sit down from standing
10-12
50
Between ___-___ months, infants should be able to hold a bottle
4-6
51
The pincer grasp develops between ___-___ months
8-10
52
The nurse should educate new parents to avoid supplemental water until the infant is at least ___ months of age
6
53
Honey and milk should not be given to infants until what age?
1 year
54
Solids can be introduced between ___-___ months
4-6
55
What is one of the first foods infants should receive?
Iron-fortified rice cereal
56
Infant sleep safety (ABC)
Alone, on Back, in Crib
57
Vaccinations through infancy
Birth: vitamin K, HBV 2 months: HBV, DTaP, Rotavirus, HIB, IPV (Polio), PCV (pneumonia) (remember: B Dr. HIP) 4 months: DTaP, Rotavirus, HIB, IPV, PCV (remember: Dr HIP) 6 months: same as 2 months (Dr. HIP) in addition to seasonal flu shot
58
Toddlers should be able to walk without help by ___ months
15
59
By ___ years old, toddlers should be able to kick a ball
2
60
Toddler (ages 1-3) vaccinations
6-18 mo: HBV (third dose), IPV 12-15 mo: MMR, varicella 12-23 mo: HAV 15-18 mo: DTaP 1-3 yr: seasonal influenza vaccine annually
61
What type of play do infants engage in?
Solitary
62
What type of play do toddlers engage in?
Parallel
63
By age ___, preschoolers should be able to use scissors
4
64
What kind of play do preschoolers engage in?
Associative
65
What are all the vaccines a preschoolers ages 4-6 should receive?
Varicella, DTaP, IPV, MMR
66
What kind of play do school-age children engage in?
Cooperative
67
School-age vaccinations
Annual flu shot, TdaP, meningitis, HPV (2 doses)
68
Around what age do a child’s permanent teeth erupt?
Approximately 6 years old
69
Growth spurt timing for girls in adolescence
9.5-14.5 years old
70
Growth spurt timing for boys in adolescence
10.5-16 years old
71
What is the first maturational change in girls?
Development of breast buds
72
What is the first maturational change in boys?
Testicular enlargement
73
The belief of invincibility in adolescents places this population at risk for
Injury
74
Adolescent vaccinations
Season flu vaccine, meningitis shot (2nd dose at 16), meningitis B (between 16-18 years old)

NCLEX: Pediatric (11 decks)

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