Principles of equine dental medicine

Question 1

How many teeth does a horse have?

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Answer 1

40-44

Question 2

which horses have canines?

Answer 2

male

Question 3

how does the horse get its permanent teeth?

Answer 3

they erupt under the decidious until the roots of the temporatory teeth are dissolved

Question 4

How should the teeth be angled in the horses mouth?

Answer 4

12%, angulation on the top

the moalrs should point towards the middle

Question 5

what is enamel?

• description
• mineral content
• tissue survivability? (repair?)

Answer 5

the densest and hardest tissue in the body

it has a mineral content of 95%

cannot be repaired

Question 6

what is dentin?

• general
• mineral content
• function

Answer 6

forms the majority of the dental tissue

composed of 70% minerals

it is softer and more flexible than the enamel and will protect it

Question 7

What is the cementum?

Answer 7

bone-like calcified tissue

Question 8

what is special about the cementum (tissue specifics)

Answer 8

it is a living tissue w/blood supply that is delivered from the periodontal ligaement

Question 9

What can be found on the occulsional surface of the upper molar?

Answer 9

infundibulums

Question 10

How can we age a horse based on the infundibulum?

Answer 10

bu the age of 8 the infundibulms will be completely worn down and a spot of dentin can be seen

Question 11

in the triandan classification, which tooth is the 304?

Answer 11

left, mandibular side - woolf tooth (first premolar)

Question 12

Whare can pulpa chamber number 6 be found? on the maxillary teeth on the right side

Answer 12

on 106, on the most rostral part - extra pulpa chamber

Question 13

Where can pulpa chamber 7,8 be found on the mandibullary teeth? right side

Answer 13

on 411 on the most caudal part

Question 14

What is the normal masticaiton pattern of the horse?

Question 15

What disorders can affect the incisors?

Answer 15

retained decidious teeth

malocclusions

supernumerary teeth

trauma

caries

tooth resorption

Question 16

What does EOTRH syndrome stand for?

Answer 16

Equine odontoclastic tooth resorption and hypercementosis

Question 17

What is EOTRH syndrome?

Answer 17

The exact cause is undetermined (could be bacterial), affects the roots and cuases them to break down, but at the same time cementum is formed around the roots,gibing larger roots on X-rays

maxillary incisors are most often affected

Question 18

What are the different forms of malocclusions?

Answer 18

offset bite

parrot mouth

sow mouth

Question 19

What diseases can affect the canine teeth?

Answer 19

they can be displaced

they can be incompletely erupted, also known as blind

too long - causing injuries

calculus, tartar

infeciton

trauma

Question 20

What are wolf teeth?

Answer 20

the first premolar teeth - not all horses have them

Question 21

When would you remove a wolf tooth?

Answer 21

if it is displaced

blind

fractured above the alveolus

if there is any inlammation or pain

of it is too large

Question 22

The wolf teeth does not contribute to mastication, so how can we see if a horse has a problem with them?

Answer 22

riding problems- painful with the bridle

Question 23

What are the cheek teeth problems that can occur?

Answer 23

overgrowth

supernumerary teeth

to large spacing between the teeth, collecting feed - diastema

fracure

infundibular caries

periapical infection

Question 24

How does overgrowth of teeth look like?

Answer 24

they get a wavy appearance, partis sticking out that can damage the mucosa

Question 25

What is diastema (betwwen teeth) causing?

Answer 25

when there is a change in the angulation and a gap between the teeth are formed, they can trap feed - caries and infections