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BVetMed3 POS- Principles Of Surgery > Principles Of Operative Technique > Flashcards

Principles Of Operative Technique Flashcards

1
Q

What is the difference between a number 3 and a number 4 handle?

A

Size of the blade that will fit on it (3 smaller)

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2
Q

what is a number 10 blade used for?

A

Cutting skin

Dogs

Common - curved edge

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3
Q

What is a number 11 blade used for?

A

STAB INCISIONS - exit wound for drains

Sharp triangle shape

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4
Q

What is a number 15 blade used for?

A

Fine tissues and thin skin

-mice, rats, cats

Small number 10

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5
Q

What blades will go on a number 3 handle?

A

10,
11,
15

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6
Q

What is a number 20 blade used for?

What handle?

A

Thick skin/ large animals

Number 4

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7
Q

What should you use a scalpel to cut?

A

Tough tissue

Tissues under tension

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8
Q

What should you use tissue scissors for?

A

Cutting tissue below skin
Blunt dissection
Undermining tissue

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9
Q

What are the advantages associated with using tissue scissors?

A

Controlled cutting

Good for flaccid tissues

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10
Q

What is the disadvantage of using tissue scissors?

A

Shearing tissue trauma

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11
Q

What is the difference between the appearance of metzenbaum and mayo scissors?

A

Mets - blade 1/4 length of instrument

Mayo - blade 1/3 length of instrument

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12
Q

When would you use metzenbaum scissors?

A

Incision or sharp and blunt dissection of finer tissue

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13
Q

When would you use mayo scissors?

A

Incision of dense, heavy tissue e.g. fascia or linea alba

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14
Q

What shape of scissor is better for cutting through dense tissue?

A

Straight

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15
Q

Why might you use curved scissors?

A

Greater mobility and visibility

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16
Q

What are utility scissors?

What are they used for?

A

Straight blades with blunt-sharp tips

Inanimate objects - drapes, suture material

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17
Q

What are ligature scissors?

What do they look like?

A

For cutting suture only - fine and precise

Look like mets - long arms
One blade SERRATED
Finger rings don’t meet when blades are together

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18
Q

What is the difference between adson and adson browns?

A

Adsons are rat tooth’s

Adson browns have multiple fine intermeshing teeth

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19
Q

Describe dressing forceps

A

No teeth at end

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20
Q

Describe DeBakey forceps

A

Long rows of fine teeth

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21
Q

What are DeBakey forceps for?

A

Picking up fine tissue and viscera

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22
Q

What are adsons used for?

A

Picking up fascia or skin

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23
Q

What are the broad categories of forceps?

A

Thumb forceps
Tissue forceps
Haemostatic forceps

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24
Q

Give examples of tissue forceps?

A

Allis
Babcock
Doyen/Bowel

25
Q

Which tissue forceps are traumatic?
Why?

What tissues ?

A

Allis
Have teeth on end

Ones that will be REMOVED in sx e.g. soft tissue mass etc.

26
Q

What tissue forceps can be used to hold tissues atraumatically?

A

Babcock

Doyenne

27
Q

What are Babcock forceps used for?

A

Holding tissues (e.g. stomach, intestines) atraumatically

28
Q

What are Doyen forceps used for?

A

To clamp intestines and prevent leak

29
Q

What are the types of haemstatic forceps?

A

Mosquito
Kelley
Rochester carmalt

30
Q

Describe mosquitos

What are they for?

A

Fine and small
Serrated all the way along

Holding individual fine BVs

31
Q

Describe Kellys

What are they for?

A

Bigger
Serrated half way

Holding large bvs

32
Q

Describe Rochester carmalts

What are they for?

A

Big
Longitudinal serration

Holding tissues and bvs e.g. uterus during spay

Passing drains + feeding tubes through skin exit holes

33
Q

What are the most common needle holders?

A

Mayos

Olsen-Hegars

34
Q

What’s the difference between mayo and Olsen Hagar needle holders?

A

Olsen Hager’s have cutting blade for suture

35
Q

What are the common hand held retractors?

A

Seen
Army and Navy
Langenbeck

36
Q

Describe Senn retractors

A

Hand held

One blunt end, one end with three prongs

37
Q

What is the benefit of using self retaining retractors?

A

Don’t need an assistant

38
Q

What are the common small self retaining retractors?

A

Gelpi and baby gelpi

39
Q

What are the large abdominal self retaining retractors?

A

Balfour has ‘lip’

Gossett

40
Q

What are the thoracic self retaining retractors?

A

Finochietto

41
Q

What is the difference between thoracic and abdominal retractors

A

Abdominals kept open by ‘push’ of abdominal wall

Thoracic kept open by ratchet

42
Q

What are the most common type of towel clips?

A

Backhaus

43
Q

What suture material is good for lighting blood vessels?

A

Vicryl

44
Q

When can cautery be used?

A

Vessels up to 2mm

45
Q

Which method of diathermy is most effective in a pool of blood?

A

Bipolar

46
Q

What method of diathermy is best for neurosurgery?

A

Bipolar

47
Q

Which method of diathermy is least traumatic?

A

Bipolar

48
Q

What are haemostatic agents?

When won’t they work?

A

Cellulose/collagen scaffold for haemostasis

Don’t compensate for a coagulopathy

49
Q

When might you use a vessel sealing device?

A

Lap spays

Endoscopic sx

50
Q

What are Poole tips?

A

Suction tips with holes in to suck up blood

51
Q

What are the indications for surgical drains?

A

Contaminated or infected wound

Dead space

52
Q

Give an example of a passive drain

How does fluid drain?

A

Penrose

Due to gravity and capillary action

53
Q

Give an example of an active drain

A

Jackson Pratt

Can remove fluid against gravity

54
Q

When are passive drains indicated?

A

Contaminated wounds

Wounds which cannot be completely sealed

55
Q

When can active drains fail?

A

Premature loss of vacuum

Obstruction of drain tubing

56
Q

When are active drains indicated?

A

Clean wounds

Wounds that can be completely sealed

57
Q

When do you remove a drain?

A

Fluid drainage at constant low level

Bacteria no longer present

Inflammation reduced

USUALLY 1-3 days

58
Q

How long would you leave a drain in for large dead spaces?

A

3-5 days

BVetMed3 POS- Principles Of Surgery (9 decks)

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