Principles of orientation Flashcards
(17 cards)
Egocentric is
perceived, remembered, acted upon from the perspective of the individual and line of direction
allocentric is location of
object/places in relation to one another of person’s location in space
Allocentric is the understanding that the person
uses an
moves not the object
external frame of reference
Topocentric refers to
polarcentric refers to
Cartographic refers to
landmarks, clues, maps
compass
grid pattern, numbering system, shape
selection orientation skills based on
age, development, and cognitive
Simple to Complex rule
teach skill in
introduce into
apply to
isolation
task/activity as primary goals
increasingly complex environment/situations
Why is establishing a home base critical
teaches/ reinforces
allows for person-object and
identifies a
necessary for
body awareness (square off)
object-object spatial awareness/orientation
starting point for directed movement
problem solving and reestablishing orientation
Rote is travel to
Rote uses
specific destination following a set sequence of landmarks/clues
laterality and route shape, minimum problem-solving
Route is travel to
Route uses
Route able to alter
multiple destinations along a specific route using specific landmarks/clues
laterality, directionality, compass directions
travel slightly by using problem solving along a specific route
Area is travel to
Area involves a
multiple destinations using various routes with identified area
high degree of problem solving, multiple orientation systems
Orientation tools
Two things that give multisensory information are
“dead reckoning” “time/distance” is internal proprioceptive/kinesthetic awareness provides
landmarks clues
cues to estimate distances and actions, requires familiarizations
Verbal and written instructions use of
Compass/GPS requires
appropriate “language”
laterality/directionality, ability to follow instructions
Maps
Visual/Tactile is a representation of a
Cognitive is creating/recalling
specific area
mental images or representations of location, distances, and directions beyond the immediate perceptual information
Factors that influence cognitive map skills
Age of
degree of
current
level of
Experience and
onset
vision loss (visual memory)
functional vision
brain function (dorsal/ventral streams)
instruction
Temporal lobe is responsible for
Parietal lobe is responsible for
Parietal lobe is responsible for
visual memory
sensory integration
encoding of spatial information
Disorientation happens when perceptions do not
match expectations
4 ways to reestablish orientation is
- Identify problem exists
- identify alternative strategies/solutions
- select a strategy and implement
- Evaluate effectiveness
