Probability and Significance

Question 1

What is probability?

Answer 1

measurement of the likelihood that an event will occur

Question 2

What is significance?

Answer 2

statistical term that tells us how sure we are that a difference or correlation exists

Question 3

What is a type 1 error?

Answer 3

false +ve
accepting a hypothesis when it’s false
- likely to happen if the significance level is too lenient (0.1-10% instead of 0.05)

Question 4

What is a type 2 error?

Answer 4

++false -ve**
when a real difference in data is ignored and wrongly accepted as being insignificant
- accepting the null hypothesis in error

Question 5

What is a level of significance?

Answer 5

tells us how likely a piece of evidence is due to chance
(we use 0.05-5%)

Question 6

Why is a 5% level of significance used?

Answer 6

strikes a balance between the risk of making a type 1 and 2 error

Question 7

When is a type 2 error likely to occur

Answer 7

when a 0.01 level of significance was used instead of 0.05