Problem Solving & Expertise Flashcards
(12 cards)
Who found that problem solving is a reproductive process - involves use of past experiences and not sudden insight.
Throndike (1898) Learning Theory
What is this:
Where interruption of the task improves eventual success rate.
The incubation effect
Who studied incubation by comparing low and high ability groups?
Murray & Denny (1969)
Who created the two-string problem?
Maier (1931)
Who came up with the triarchic theory?
Sternberg (1988)
Who created the cheap necklace problem?
Silveira (1971)
Who created the representational change theory?
Ohlsson (1992)
What is this:
A problem is hard to solve when it is represented in a way that doesn’t lead to problem solution.
The representational change theory
Who studied this and what did it study:
Support the candle on the wall so that it doesn’t drip on the table below.
- Dunker (1945)
- Functional fixedness.
Who studied the water jug problem?
Luchin (1942)
What is this:
- Focus on short-term goals.
- Often does not lead to problem solution.
The hill-climbing strategy
What is this:
To identify a goal and break it down into smaller, more manageable subgoals.
Means-end analysis
