Processes

Question 0

Phospholipid synthesis (De Novo)

Answer 0

Occurs in the smooth ER to Golgi to various membranes or exocytosed in ALL cells except mature RBCs 1) backbone synthesis of glycerol 3 phosphate (uses NADH) 2) two fatty acids attached to form phosphatidate 3) phosphatidate is activated by CTP addition to for CDP-diacylglycerol and appropriate alcohol headgroups attached

Question 1

Triacylglycerol synthesis (De novo pathway)

Answer 1

Occurs in the cytosol in adipose and liver tissue. Final step on endo plastic reticulum. 1) backbone synthesis of glycerol 3 phosphate (uses NADH) 2) two fatty acids attached to form phosphatidate 3) the phosphate group is removed and a 3rd fatty acid is attached to carbon 3

Question 2

Committed step of bile acid and salt synthesis

Answer 2

Enzyme: cholesterol 7 alpha hydroxylase

Cholesterol to 7 alpha hydroxycholestrol

Question 3

Insulin effect on Na/K ATPase

Answer 3

Stimulates the Na/K ATPase which increases movement of K into the cells of muscle and adipose tissue and also stimulates NKCC which moves K+ into cells

Question 4

Epinephrine synthesis

Answer 4

Tyrosine-> dopa-> dopamine-> NE -> epi

PNMT is the enzyme for the last step and is induced by cortisol