Products From Oil

Question 0

What do cracking products produce?

Answer 0

Alkanes and alkanes

Question 1

How can hydrocarbon molecules be broken down? Via cracking

Answer 1

By heating then with steam to very high temperatures or by passing their vapours over a hot catalyst

Question 2

What are alkenes

Answer 2

Unsaturated hydrocarbons

Question 3

Alkenes turn what to water

Answer 3

Bromine to water from orange to colourless

Question 4

How can large hydrocarbon molecules be broken down into smaller ones?

Answer 4

By a process called cracking

Question 5

During cracking thermal decomposition, reactions a mixture of smaller what?

Answer 5

Mixture of smaller molecules

Question 6

These alkanes with smaller molecules are good for what?

Answer 6

Useful fuels

Question 7

Why are alkenes unsaturated hydrocarbons?

Answer 7

Because they contain feet hydrogen atoms then alkanes with the same number of carbon atoms

Question 8

Give an example of cracking

Answer 8

Decane - catalyst 800 a pentane + propene + ethene

Question 9

What do alkenes have that make then more reactive then alkanes?

Answer 9

Alkenes have a double bond between two cabin atoms

Question 10

Why can different mixtures of alkanes and alkenes be produced by cracking?

Answer 10

Because different hydrocarbons can be used and the conditions for the reaction can be changed

Question 11

What are plastics made of?

Answer 11

Very large molecules called polymers

Question 12

What are polymers made of?

Answer 12

Very small molecules joined together called monomers

Question 13

What’s the reaction to make a polymer called?

Answer 13

Polymerisation

Question 14

Howls are polymers made?

Answer 14

From many small molecules or monomers that react or join together or polymerise to make a very large or long molecule

Question 15

It’s of ethene molecules can join together to make what?

Answer 15

To form poly(ethen)

Question 16

What happens the polymerisation reaction on ethene

Answer 16

The double bond in each ethene molecule because a bungle bond and thousands of ethene molecules join together in long chains

Question 17

Name two alkenes

Answer 17

Ethene and propene

Question 18

What other alkenes can polymerise in a similar way to poly ethene

Answer 18

Propene

Question 19

What are many of the plastics we use as bags, bottles, containers made from?

Answer 19

Alkenes

Question 20

What do materials scientists can design new polymers to make have what properties?

Answer 20

Special properties and particular uses. For ex camper packing clothes or medical application

Question 21

Name a new polymer used by dentists and it’s function

Answer 21

Uv light made from a Light sensitive polymers. Been developed to replace fillings that contain mercury.

Question 22

What can light polymers be used for other the in dentists

Answer 22

Used in sticking plasters to cover a wound so the plasters can be easily removed

Question 23

Hydrogel and polymers can what?

Answer 23

Trap water - have many uses like dressing wounds

Question 24

What can shape memory polymers do?

Answer 24

Change back into their old original shape when temperature or the conditions are changed

Question 25

An example of a shape memory polymer and it's other name

Answer 25

Smart polymer. A material used for stitching wounds that changes changes shape when heated by body temperature

Question 26

How can divers that are used to make fabrics, become waterproof and breathable?

Answer 26

By being coated with polymers

Question 27

What can the plastic used to make fabrics be used as once recycled

Answer 27

To make polyester fibres for clothing as well as filing pillows and duvets

Question 28

How does a shape memory polymer work in stitching?

Answer 28

Then the body temp changes, the thread tightens ad closes the wound

Question 29

Many polymers are not .... What does this mean?

Answer 29

Biodegradable. This means plastic waste is not broken down when left in the environment

Question 30

What the bad thing about polymers not being biodegradable

Answer 30

unless disposed of properly, plastic ribose gets everywhere. It's unsightly ad can be harmful to wildlife, even in landfill sights it takes up valuable space

Question 31

Why are we using more plastics that are biodegradable?

Answer 31

Because microorganisms can break down these plastics. These plastics break down hen they come into contact with soil

Question 32

What can be done to non-biodegradable polymers so that they can be broken down?

Answer 32

Cornstarch is mixed Into the plastic. Microorganisms break down this cornstarch so the plastic breaks down into small pieces that can be mixed with soil or compost

Question 33

biodegradable plastics can be made from one what? Give an example

Answer 33

Plant material. A polymer made from corset arch that is used for biodegradable food packing

Question 34

Some plastics can be recycled but why is it hard ?

Answer 34

Because there are so many different types of plastic so it's difficult

Question 35

What's ethanols formula. What does the par that's added stand for?

Answer 35

C2H6O - shows the OH group on the molecule and means that it's an alcohol

Question 36

How can ethanol be produced?

Answer 36

By fermentation of sugar from plants using yeast

Question 37

What do the enzymes in yeast cause the sugar to covert to?

Answer 37

Ethanol and carbon dioxide

Question 38

How else can ethanol be produced?

Answer 38

Made by the hydration of ethene

Question 39

How is ethanol obtained from ethene

Answer 39

Ethene reacts with steam at high temperatures in the presence of a catalyst

Question 40

What does ethanol produced by fermentation come from?

Answer 40

A renewable source

Question 41

Where is fermentation done but what I the problem with it

Answer 41

At room temp but can only produce a dilute aqueous solution of ethanol so would have to used fraction distillation to be deprecated and make pure ethanol

Question 42

Ethanol produced from ethene uses?

Answer 42

And in renewable source - crude oil. The recto on can be done continuously but requires high temperatures