Prog Finals Flashcards by JANELLA MALICAY

A computer programing task can be divided into two phases:

Problem solving phase & implementation phase

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Is an artificial and informal language that helps programmers develop algorithms. This is very similar to everyday English.

Pseudocode

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Is another algorithm but graphical.

Flowchart

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Denotes the beginning or end of the program.

Oval

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Denotes an input operation.

Parallelogram/Rhombus

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Denotes a process to be carried out
e.g. addition, subtraction, division etc.

Rectangle

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Denotes a decision (or branch) to be made.
The program should continue along one of
two routes. (e.g. IF/THEN/ELSE).

Diamond

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Denotes an output operation.

Hybrid

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Denotes the direction of logic flow in the program.

Flow line

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Flowchart Control Structures

-Sequence
-Decision
-Loop
-Case

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Computer language consisting of mnemonics that directly correspond to machine language instructions.

Low level languages

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Basically symbolic languages that use English words and/or mathematical symbols rather than mnemonic codes.

High level languages

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Very close to machine language.

Low level languages

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Concentrate on machine architecture.

Low level languages

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Machine-independent programming language.

High level languages

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Concentrate of the logic of problem.

High level languages

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What are the low level languages?

Machine language & assembly language

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What are the high level language?

C, C++, BASIC, Java

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Who is pythons creator?

Guido van Rossum

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Who is pythons developer?

Python Software Foundation

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When was python released?

February 20, 1991

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What is the recent software version of python?

Python 3.10.6

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Python was named after ____.

Monty Python

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Useful as a scripting language.

Python

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Open source, scalable and object oriented.

Python

IDLE stands for

Integrated Development Environment for Python

Not compiled like Java. Code is written and then directly executed by an interpreter. Type commands into interpreter and see immediate results.

Interpreted

Unlike Java, Python does not have this.

Main Method

Python statements do not end with semicolons. True or False.

True

What do we do in problem solving phase?

Make ordered sequence.

The ordered sequence made in problem solving phase is called the ____.

Algorithm

This is typically used on windows.

IDLE

Code is written and then directly executed by an interpreter.

Interpreted Language

These are names for values.

Variables

These can be assigned to other variables.

Variables

Value do have ____.

Types

Addition

Subtraction

Multiplication

Division

Exponentiation

What are the basic data types?

Integers, Floats, & Strings

Use ____ when must go to next line prematurely.

/ or backslash

Block structure is indicated by this.

Indentation

= is for

Assignment

== is for

Comparison

+ is for

String Concatenation

% is for

String Formatting

What are the logical operators?

and, or, not

Basic printing command is ___.

x==y

equals y

is less than y

x>y

is greater than y

x>=y

is greater than or equal to y

x<=y

is less than or equal to y

x!=y

is not equal to y

x is y

is the same object as y

x is not y

is not the same object as y

x in y

is a member of y

x not in y

is not a member of y

Allow us to execute a statement or group of statements multiple times.

Loop Statements

What are the Loop Statements?

While Loop For Loop Range

Are used to change the flow of execution from its normal sequence.

Loop Control Statements

What are the Loop Control Statements?

Break Continue Pass

Repeats a statement or group of statements while a given condition is TRUE.

While loop

Executes a sequence of statements multiple times and abbreviates the code that manages the loop variable.

For loop

Used in case the need is to iterate over a specific number of times within a given range in steps/interval mentioned.

Range function in loops

Terminates the loop statement and transfers execution to the statement immediately following the loop.

Break statements

Causes the loop to skip the remainder of its body and immediately retest its condition prior to reiterating.

Continue statements

Is never executed.

Pass statements

Used when a statement is required syntactically but do not want any command or code to execute or if the code need to be implemented in the future.

Pass statements

Behaves like a placeholder for future code.

Pass statements

Binary. Evaluates to true if both expressions are true.

and

Binary. Evaluates to true if at least one expression is true.

Unary. Returns true if the expression is false.

not

Basically a data structure which can hold more than one value at a time.

Array

It is a collection or ordered series of items at the same time.

Array

Each item stored is an array is called ____.

Element

Each location of an element in an array has a ___.

Numerical Index

Enumerate basic array operations:

Number of elements present in an array.

Length of an array

What function to use in finding the length of an array?

len()

This function returns an integer value that is equal to the number of elements present in that array.

len()

Used to iterates over the items of an array specified number of times.

For loop

Iterates the elements until a certain condition is met.

While loop

This function is used when we want to remove an element and return it.

pop()

This function is used when we want to remove an element with a specific value without returning it.

remove()

Arrays concatenation is done using _ sign.

An array can be sliced using the _ symbol.

This returns a range of elements that we have specified by the index number.

Slicing an array

This function is used to sort an array.

sorted()

Format use in sorting in descending order.

sorted(array_name, reverse=true)

Is used to add a single element at the end of an array.

append()

Is used to add a more than one element at the end of the end of an array.

extend()

Is used to add an element at the specific position of an array.

insert()

Removes all the elements from the list.

clear()

Returns a copy of the list.

copy()

Returns the number of elements with the specified value.

count()

Returns the index of the first element with the specified value.

index()

Reverses the order of the list.

reverse()

Enumerate types of arrays.

1D Array 2D Array Multi D Array

A _____ is a block of organized, reusable code that is used to perform a single, related action.

Function

Provide better modularity for the applications and a high degree of code reusing.

Function

Differentiate python and c++ in terms of line codes.

Differentiate python and c++ in terms of garbage collection.

Differentiate python and c++ in terms of syntax.

Prog Finals Flashcards

(106 cards)