Programming Flashcards

Question

What is a condition?

Answer 1

In computing, this is a statement that is either true or false. A computation depends on whether a condition equates to true or false.

Answer 2

There are times when a program needs to repeat certain steps until told otherwise, or until a condition has been met.

Answer 3

Iteration allows programmers to simplify a program and make it more efficient. Instead of writing out the same lines of code again and again, a programmer can write a section of code once, and ask the program to execute the same line repeatedly until no longer needed.

Answer 4

When a program needs to iterate a set number of times

Answer 5

a FOR loop. A FOR loop uses an extra variable called a loop counter that keeps track of the number of times the loop has been run.

Answer 6

there are fewer lines of code, meaning fewer opportunities for typing errors to creep in to increase or decrease the number of iterations, all the programmer has to do is change the loop's end value

Answer 7

add the keyword STEP to the first line of a FOR loop to determine how much the stepper variable increases or decreases by with each iteration.

Answer 8

WHILE loops - uses the statements WHILE and ENDWHILE REPEAT UNTIL loops - uses the statements REPEAT and UNTIL

Answer 9

WHILE loops test the condition at the beginning of the loop. If the condition is met, the code within the loop is executed before the program loops back to test the condition again.

Answer 10

REPEAT UNTIL loops function in the same way as WHILE loops, with one major difference - the condition is tested at the end of the loop.

Answer 11

With a WHILE loop, the code within the iteration may never be executed. With a REPEAT UNTIL loop, and a DO WHILE loop the code is always executed at least once

Answer 12

DO WHILE loops function in the same way as REPEAT UNTIL loops, with the WHILE condition being tested at the end of the loop

Answer 13

Selection is a programming concept where a section of code is run only if a condition is met

Answer 14

Selection works by testing a condition. The test gives a Boolean result - TRUE or FALSE.

Answer 15

Selection is implemented using IF THEN ELSE statements.

Answer 16

Subroutines are smaller, named sections of code that are written within a larger program.

Answer 17

Subroutines are usually small in size, which means they are much easier to write, test and debug. They are also easy for someone else to understand. As they are written outside of the main program, subroutines can be saved separately as modules and used again in other programs.

Answer 18

procedures and functions

Answer 19

A procedure is a subroutine that performs a specific task.

Answer 20

A function works in the same way as a procedure, except that it manipulates data and returns a result back to the main program.

Answer 21

Procedures perform a specific task but do not return a value. Functions manipulate data and return a value to the main program. Functions have a return line.

Answer 22

Nested selections are when If statements are within more if statements. Nested iterations are when For or While loops are within another For or While loop.