Programming

Question 1

What are the 5 main data types?

Answer 1

• Integer (INT)
• Real/ float (REAL)
• Boolean (BOOL)
• Character/char (CHAR)
• String (STRING)

Question 2

What do the main data types store?

Answer 2

> Integer - whole numbers,
Real - numbers with decimals,
Boolean - true or false,
Character - a single letter, number or symbol,
String - used to represent text, can hold a collection of characters (cannot do maths).

Question 3

What is the typical amount of memory taken up from the main data types? (in order)

Answer 3

1) Real - 4 Bytes or 8 Bytes,
2) Integer - 2 Bytes or 4 Bytes,
3) String - 1 Byte per character,
4) character - 1 Byte,
5) Boolean - 1 bit is needed but 1 byte is often used.

Question 4

Is it possible to change one data type to another?

Answer 4

Yes, most languages do allow you to convert data types.

Question 5

What does an assignment look like in pseudocode?

Answer 5

←

Question 6

What are examples of selection?

Answer 6

If/Case, Though case is not used in pseudocode, it is specific to certain programming languages like VB.

Question 7

What are the two types of iteration?

Answer 7

> Definite - a known number of loops at the start of the iteration,
Indefinite - loops until a condition is met.

Question 8

What are examples of indefinite iteration?

Answer 8

While loops

Question 9

What are examples of definite iteration?

Answer 9

For loops

Question 10

What does DIV do?

Answer 10

Divides a number to the nearest whole number without going over, for example: 20 DIV 3 = 6

Question 11

What does MOD do?

Answer 11

Gives you the remainder of a division, for example: 20 MOD 3 = 2

Question 12

What is a constant?

Answer 12

A variable where data is assigned and then cannot be changed.

Question 13

What is a variable?

Answer 13

A location where data values can be stored as a certain file type.

Question 14

What is the difference between a constant and a variable?

Answer 14

The data in a constant cannot change but a variables data can.

Question 15

How do you create a random number in Pseudocode?

Answer 15

RANDOM_INT(x, y)

Question 16

What are arrays?

Answer 16

A data structure that an store a group of data values of the same type. a[]

Question 17

What is it called when array already has data assigned to indexes?

Answer 17

Prepopulated

Question 18

What does a prepopulated 1D array look like in pseudocode?

Answer 18

a ← [‘Denial’, ‘lebron’, ‘Nig’, ‘Cmon’]

Question 19

What are 2D arrays?

Answer 19

The same as an array but with columns and rows instead of just one list. a[x][y] or a[x, y]

Question 20

What does a prepopulated 2D array look like in pseudocode?

Answer 20

a ← [[‘Joe’, ‘Momma’], [‘Nig’, ‘Cmon’]]

Question 21

What is a record?

Answer 21

Similar to an array but stores multiple data types. Each item stored in a record is called a field and can have a different data type assigned to it.

Question 22

How do you declare a record?

Answer 22

RECORD [name of record]

[data type] [name of field]
[data type] [name of field]

ENDRECORD

Question 23

How do you assign values to a record?

Answer 23

record

Question 24

Can you use an array to store records?

Answer 24

Yes, if they have the same record structure.

Question 25

Why do we use files in programming?

Answer 25

To permanently store data when the program closes since the program loses all data once finished.
You can read or write to a file by using WRITELINE() or WRITE()/ READLINE() or READ.

Question 26

How do you open and close a file in a program?

Answer 26

Variable

Question 27

Why do we use subroutines and functions?

Answer 27

• Code can be repeated instead of rewritten,
• Code can be edited without effecting the rest of the program,
• Variables can be stored locally instead of taking up extra memory globally.

Question 28

What is the difference between subs and functions?

Answer 28

Functions return a value.