Programming

Question 1

What are the five data types

Answer 1

Integer, real/float, string, character and Boolean

Question 2

What is integer

Answer 2

Integer is a whole number

Question 3

What is a real/float?

Answer 3

A real is a decimal number

Question 4

What is character?

Answer 4

A character is a single letter or number

Question 5

What is a string?

Answer 5

A piece of text

Question 6

What is a Boolean?

Answer 6

TRUE or FALSE

Question 7

What is a sequence?

Answer 7

This is a set of instructions that follow on one from another

Question 8

What is a selection ?

Answer 8

A decision within a computer program when the program decides to move on based on the results of an event.

Question 9

What is iteration?

Answer 9

The repetition of a block of statements within a computer program.

Question 10

What is a variable ?

Answer 10

Data that changes

Question 11

What is a constant ?

Answer 11

Data that remains the same

Question 12

What is an array?

Answer 12

One method of storing data in an organised structure

Question 13

What is a constant declaration ?

Answer 13

A value that increases or decreases at a constant rate each time

Question 14

What is an assignment?

Answer 14

The instruction that is carried out in order to get the variable value

Question 15

Python examples of input ?

Answer 15

Text, click button

Question 16

Python examples of output?

Answer 16

Sound, image

Question 17

Python example of reading from a file ?

Answer 17

Asking the program to select and output an output from the list

Question 18

Python example of writing to a file ?

Answer 18

Editing the file like adding items or removing items

Question 19

What are some types of low level languages?

Answer 19

Machine language, assembly language and mnemonics

Question 20

What are some types of high level language?

Answer 20

Source / machine code

Question 21

What is the job of interpreter ?

Answer 21

It turns high level language into low level language, assembly language and Binary language

Question 22

What is the job of compiler?

Answer 22

It turns high level language into lower level language

Question 23

What is the job of assembler?

Answer 23

It turns computer instructions into binary

Question 24

What is an identifier ?

Answer 24

A name given to a part of a program, such as a variable, constant, function, procedure or module.

Question 25

What is concatenation?

Answer 25

The joining together of two or more strings or substrings

Question 26

What is string handling ?

Answer 26

A string is a variable that holds a sequence of one or more alphanumeric characters. These characters can be letters, numbers or symbols. It is usually possible to manipulate a string to provide information or to alter the contents of a string.

Question 27

What are the examples of string handling?

Answer 27

Length, position, substring, concatenation, string conversion, character set conversion

Question 28

What is a length?

Answer 28

The length of a string can be determined using the pseudocode LEN. This gives the length as an integer.

LEN(wordOne) - would give the answer “eight”, as there are eight characters in the word “Computer”

Question 29

What is positions?

Answer 29

It is possible to determine which character features at a position within a string:

wordOne[2] - would give the answer “m”, as m is the third character in the word “Computer” (remember computers start counting at zero).

Question 30

What is substring?

Answer 30

A substring is a string of characters that exists inside a string, for example, the first three characters of a password.

Question 31

What is string conversion?

Answer 31

Sometimes a programmer needs to change the data type stored within a variable. For example, an integer may need to be converted to a string in order to be displayed as part of a message. This process is known as casting. The following examples convert a string to an integer and an integer to a string using Python:

str(68) returns “68”
int(“54”) returns 54

Question 32

What is character set conversions?

Answer 32

Another way of dealing with data is to convert alphanumeric data into its numerical format in a character set. The pseudo-code CHAR_TO_CODE and CODE_TO_CHAR functions allow characters to be swapped between their text and number formats using the ASCII or UNICODE character set.

Question 33

What is subroutine?

Answer 33

Portion of code that may be called to execute anywhere in a program.

Question 34

What is parameters ?

Answer 34

a parameter is a value that is passed into a function or procedure.

Question 35

What three areas should designing robust programs encompass?

Answer 35

• protection against unexpected user inputs or actions, such as a user entering a letter where a number was expected
• confirming that users on a computer system are who they say they are
• minimising or removing bugs

Question 36

What is validation ?

Answer 36

Checking input data is sensible and in the right format.

Question 37

What is authentication ?

Answer 37

Verifying the identity of a user.

Question 38

What is testing ?

Answer 38

An important part of computer programming which involves checking a program for errors.

Question 39

What is a test data?

Answer 39

Data input when testing to see if the program produces the expected results.