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CS 3 INTRO TO PROGAMING > Programming – Expressions, Flowcharts, Control Structures > Flashcards

Programming – Expressions, Flowcharts, Control Structures Flashcards

1
Q

what type Operators CHARACTER are these?

+ - * /

A

arithmetic

  • addtion -subtraction - multiplcation - divsion
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2
Q

Operators character:

<= >= = <>

hint: relational math

A

relational operators

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3
Q

in computer programming

Logical, results for instrctions are:

A

Ture or False And, Or, Not

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4
Q

Operators Precedence

When expressions contain operators from more than one category, usually _______ _______are evaluated first, comparison __________ are evaluated next, and _______ ________ are evaluated last.

A

arithmetic operators - comparison operators- logical operators are evaluated last.

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5
Q

+

A

ADD

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6
Q

-

A

SUBTRACT

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7
Q

*

A

MULTIPLE

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8
Q

/

A

DIVIDE

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9
Q

<

A

less-than sign

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10
Q

>

A

GREATER THAN

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11
Q

<=

A

means “less than or equal to”

if “n” is “0” or anything lower, the condition will be true

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12
Q

>=

A

greater than or equal to’ and are commonly used in algebra. In computer applications <= and >= are used.

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13
Q

==

A

Checks if the values of two operands are equal or not,

if yes then condition becomes true.

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14
Q

Operators Precedence when a script runs?

A

usually arithmetic operators are evaluated first, comparison operators are evaluated next, and logical operators are evaluated last.

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15
Q

____________’s can be a combination of them with operators is called an expression.

A

varibles

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16
Q

Expressions NAME 3?

A

A Literal, a variable, a symbolic constant,

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17
Q

Expressions NAME 3 TYPES?

A

Arithmetic  Relational  Logical

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18
Q

Arithmetic Expression:

A

a number, a variable, or combination of

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19
Q

Relational Expression:

hint 4 == 4

A

Combination of two arithmetic expressions with a relational operator.

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20
Q

CONDITONAL STATEMENTS ability to test variables angainst value act in one way if the condtion is what?

A

met by the variable or another way if not.

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21
Q

Logical Expression:

(A = B) And (A > C+2) (A > C + A / B * 2 + B) Or (A <> B)

A

Combination of two relational expressions with a logical operator (A = B) And (A > C+2) (A > C + A / B * 2 + B) Or (A <> B)

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22
Q

describe And and Or operators?

hint: operands

A

are binary operators, i.e., they need two operands.

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23
Q

operand

A

data to be operated on, representing the data itself.

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24
Q

binary operators,

A

are those operators that work with two operands.

For example, a common binary expression would be a + b—the addition operator (+) surrounded by two operands..

The Not is an unary operator. It needs just one operand:

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25
Q

Character Representation

A

• Letter, numbers, and special characters use ASCII character set to be represented inside the computer.

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26
Q

ASCII

A

is a 7-bit character set containing 128 characters numbers 0-9, the upper/lower case Eng from A to Z.

27
Q

what must be included in flow chart?

hint: what steps needed to get to putput

A

must include needed output, the available input, and a brief explanation of how you can transform the available input to the needed output.

28
Q

Program is a logical pattern of instructions explain Development of an Algorithm

to slove a problem:

A

designing the problem’s solution, is a step-by-step procedure for solving a problem. Programmers write algorithms that instruct the computer how to perform a task.

29
Q

Program is a logical pattern of instructions: why do we Test the Program?

A

To be sure that the program will run correctly, no matter what happens

30
Q

Program is a logical pattern of instructions If the algorithm is wrong or the program does not match the algorithm, the errors are considered ____________?

A

LOGICAL ERROR

31
Q

Program is a logical pattern of instructions if the error is using the programming language syntax, then the errors are considered as ____________?

A

SYNTAX ERROR

32
Q

Program is a logical pattern of instructions WHAT IS A BUG?

A

. Any errors in a program are called bugs;

33
Q

the process of finding the bugs and correcting them is called what?

A

debugging

34
Q

Program is a logical pattern of instructions: what is to Complete Documentation?

A

Documentation should include user instructions, an explanation of the logic of the program, and information about the input and output.

35
Q

Program is a logical pattern of instructions what is Program Implementation:

A

installing the prgram on a computer test works properly. Even after completion, a program requires attention.

36
Q

WHAT IS A Flowchart?

A

Represents a visual map of a program.

37
Q

Flowchart: logic flowcharT

A

a flowchart that represents the flow of logic in a program

38
Q

Flowchart: The logic flowchart is different than system flowchart WHY?

A

that shows the flow of data through an entire computer system (as opposed to program).

39
Q

Pseudocode

A

is an English-like way of representing the solution to a problem it’s translated n2 programming language.

40
Q

It is helpful to introduce________ in relation to flowcharting.

A

pseudocode

41
Q

Pseudocode cannot be executed by a computer. WHY?

A

When using pseudocode to plan a program, you can concentrate on the logic and not to worry about the syntax of the computer language.

42
Q

Structured Programming makes programs easier to ____, ______, read and maintain.

A

debug

test

43
Q

• Structured Programming

A

is a technique that emphasizes breaking a program into logical sections by using certain programming standards.

44
Q

Control Structures”

A
  • control how the program executes.
  • uses a limited number of Control Structures minimizing complexties of programs
  • lowers errors.
45
Q

There are three basic Control Structures in Structured Programming:

NAME THEM?

A

Sequence

Selection

Iteration

46
Q

EACH CONTROL STRUCTURE HAS It is important to note that each structure has one _______ and _________.

A

one entry point and one exit point.

47
Q

Structured Programming

WHO INVENTED IT?

A

based on a theorem proved by C. Böhm and G. Jacopini in 1966

48
Q

WHY DOES STRUCTURED PROGRAMING RESTRICT THE NUMBER OF TYPES OF CONTROL STRUCTURES?

A

By restricting the number of types of control structures to three, structure programming attempts to reduce program complexity.

49
Q

Control Structures

whats a Sequence?:

A

One statement simply follows another in sequence, series of steps to be carried out, or executed in order.

50
Q

Control Structures

– what is Selection?

A

is used to makE logical decisions. This Control Structure has two forms:

IF-THEN-ELSE, and IF-THEN.

51
Q

how does IF-THEN-ELSE

Control Structures work?

A

works as follows: IF (a condition is true) THEN (do something), ELSE (do something different).

52
Q

Control Structures

– whats a Sequence?

A

Sequence is the natural way for a computer to execute instructions.

53
Q

selection statements

A

allow a program to test several conditions, and execute instructions based on which condition is true.

54
Q

iteration statements.

WHY DO WE USE LOOPING?

A

So we dont have to witre same sequence of statement over and over

55
Q

iteration structure?

A

executes a sequence of statements repeatedly as long as a condition holds true.

56
Q

FLOW CHART SYMBOLS

THE SHAPE: RECTANGLE

THE NAME: PROCESS

THE FUNCTION:

A

PROCESS

57
Q

FLOW CHART SYMBOLS

THE SHAPE: PARALLELOGRAM

THE NAME: INPUT/OUTPUT

THE FUNCTION:

A

REPRESENTS INPUT/OUTPUT

58
Q

FLOW CHART SYMBOLS

THE SHAPE: THE ARROW

THE NAME: ARROWS

THE FUNCTION:

A

CONNECTOR THAT SHOWS RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN F-CHART SHAPES

59
Q

FLOW CHART SYMBOLS

THE SHAPE: OVAL

THE NAME: START END

THE FUNCTION

A

REPRESENTS A START OR END POINT

60
Q

For-Loop

A

A counter-controlled loop iterates a specific

number of times.

61
Q

While Loop

A

is a control flow statement that allows code to be executed repeatedly based on a given Boolean condition.

62
Q

IPO

-information processing program

A

model in systems analysis and software engineering for describing the structure of an information processing program.

63
Q

operators

<>

A

NOT EQAUL TO

CS 3 INTRO TO PROGAMING (7 decks)

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