Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic Cells

Question 1

Cells

Answer 1

Basic units of structure and function of all living things, smallest unit of life, all living things made up of

Question 2

Two major divisions of cells

Answer 2

eukaryotic and prokaryotic

Question 3

cells that lack nucleus and membrane-bound organelles

Answer 3

prokaryotic cells

Question 4

examples of prokaryotes

Answer 4

bacteria and related microorganisms

Question 5

cells that contain a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles

Answer 5

eukaryotic cells

Question 6

examples of eukaryotes

Answer 6

animals, plants, fungi, protists

Question 7

know differences between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells

Answer 7

rokaryotes are simple, unicellular organisms whose cells lack a membrane-bound nucleus. Eukaryotes can be unicellular or multicellular; their cells contain a distinct nucleus, as well as functional structures called organelles.

Question 8

do all cells have the same shape

Answer 8

shape reflects function

Question 9

do all cells have the same size

Answer 9

some large some small
limited by surface area
volume increases fast
most cells 1/500 the size of this period ……

Question 10

what cell structures are common to all cells

Answer 10

All cells at their essence have at least three things in common: • Cell membrane. All cells have a phospholipid based cell membrane. The cell membrane is selectively permeable in that it allows some materials to pass into or out of the cell but not others.
• Cytoplasm. Cells are filled with a complex collection of of substances in a water based solution. This substance is called cytoplasm. Across all cells there are a number of common features to all cell cytoplasm. For example all cells have ribosomes. Also, in all cells the first steps in cellular respiration take place in the cytoplasm.
• DNA. All cells contain DNA(2). In the simplest cells, the DNA is in one loop more loop like structures free in the cytoplasm. In some cells such as those making up our body the DNA is isolated from the cytoplasm in a special structure called a nucleus. Remember not all cells have a nucleus!

Question 11

what cell structures are found only in eukaryotic cels

Answer 11

nucleus

Question 12

are nuclei always found in the same place within different types of cells?

Answer 12

?

Question 13

how is the arrangement of cells helpful to an organism

Answer 13

?

Question 14

why do cells have different shapes and sizes

Answer 14

shape reflects function

Question 15

what cell structure is like a school’s main office and why

Answer 15

nucleus

Question 16

what cell structures could you NOT see with a compound light microscope?

Answer 16

ribosomes for one

Question 17

describe methylene blue, neutral red, acetocarmine, COngo red, JAnus green B and Sudan III - what cell structures do each of these stains make more visible

Answer 17

?

Question 18

all living things are made up of

Answer 18

one or more cells

Question 19

basic functioning unit of all living things

Answer 19

cells

Question 20

all cells come from

Answer 20

preexisiting cells

Question 21

cell theory scientists

Answer 21

Hook, Leeuwenhock, Schleiden, Schwann

Question 22

organisms made up of only one cell

Answer 22

unicellular

Question 23

examples of unicellular

Answer 23

bacteria, protozoa, algae

Question 24

most living things are made up of many cells and called

Answer 24

multicellular

Question 25

all plants and animals are

Answer 25

multicellular

Question 26

multicellular structure in common contains

Answer 26

nucleus, cytoplasm, and a cell membrane BUT THERE ARE SEVERAL IMPORTANT DIFFERENCES TOO

Question 27

cheek cells

Answer 27

squamous epithelial cells; flat and scale-like; protect and waterproof the body like skin cells; constantly shedding, are dead and replaced continuously; use methylene blue to see nucleus, cytoplasm and cell membrane

Question 28

identified by rectangular shape

Answer 28

plant cells; cells packed closely together

Question 29

shape of plant cell due to

Answer 29

rigid cell wall

Question 30

plant cells contain a variety of

Answer 30

vacuoles

Question 31

vacuoles store

Answer 31

a variety of substances

Question 32

Vacuoles that store starch are

Answer 32

leukoplasts

Question 33

tomato skin gets its color from

Answer 33

chromoplasts that are vacuoles that store red plant pigment

Question 34

algae does not belong to

Answer 34

the Plant Kingdom even though it is able to make its own food through photsynthesis

Question 35

the process by which algae makes food is

Answer 35

dependent on the presence of chlorophyll a green pigment stored in chloroplasts

Question 36

Discovered cells, cork (oak tree), little boxes

Answer 36

Hooke

Question 37

Microsope, observed cells, animalcules

Answer 37

Leeuwenhoek

Question 38

Cell theory

Answer 38

All living organisms are made of 1+ cells Cells are the basic units of structure and function Cells come from preexisting cells

Question 39

Cellular basis of life

Answer 39

``` All living things Organized parts Obtain energy from surroundings Perform chemical reactions Change with time Respond to their environment Reproduce ```

Question 40

Cell size

Answer 40

Some large, some small, | Limited by a cell's surface area to volume ratio

Question 41

Plasma volume

Answer 41

Sometimes called "cell membrane", cell's outer boundary, covers a cell's surface, barrier between inside and outside cell, stuff can get through

Question 42

Cytoplasm

Answer 42

Region of cell within a membrane, fluid cytoskeleton, organelles

Question 43

Nucleus

Answer 43

Membrane-bound organelle contains DNA

Question 44

studied nature using light microscope with slices of cork saw little green boxes in dead plant cells

Answer 44

hooke

Question 45

made microscopes first to observe living cells, animalcules

Answer 45

leeuwenhoeck

Question 46

explain cell theory

Answer 46

``` all living org made up of cells cells are basic units of structure cells come from preexisting cells organized parts obtain energy from surrounds perform chemical reactions change with time respond to environment reproduce ```