Prokaryotic Cell Flashcards
(17 cards)
What are prokaryotic cells represented by?
Prokaryotic cells are represented by bacteria, blue-green algae, mycoplasma, and PPLO (Pleuro Pneumonia Like Organisms).
How do prokaryotic cells compare in size and multiplication rate to eukaryotic cells?
Prokaryotic cells are generally smaller and multiply more rapidly than eukaryotic cells.
What are the four basic shapes of bacteria?
The four basic shapes of bacteria are bacillus (rod-like), coccus (spherical), vibrio (comma-shaped), and spirillum (spiral).
What surrounds the cell membrane of prokaryotic cells?
All prokaryotes have a cell wall surrounding the cell membrane, except in mycoplasma.
What is the semifluid matrix filling the prokaryotic cell called?
The semifluid matrix filling the cell is called cytoplasm.
Do prokaryotic cells have a well-defined nucleus?
No, prokaryotic cells do not have a well-defined nucleus.
What is the genetic material in prokaryotic cells like?
The genetic material is basically naked, not enveloped by a nuclear membrane.
What are plasmids?
Plasmids are small circular DNA outside the genomic DNA found in many bacteria.
What unique character can plasmid DNA confer to bacteria?
Plasmid DNA can confer resistance to antibiotics.
What is the role of plasmid DNA in higher studies?
Plasmid DNA is used to monitor bacterial transformation with foreign DNA.
What organelles are found in prokaryotic cells?
No organelles, like those in eukaryotes, are found in prokaryotic cells except for ribosomes.
What is a mesosome?
A mesosome is a specialized differentiated form of cell membrane that is characteristic of prokaryotes.
What are mesosomes?
Mesosomes are essentially infoldings of the cell membrane.
What is genomic DNA in bacteria?
Genomic DNA is the single chromosome or circular DNA found in bacteria.
What additional type of DNA do many bacteria have?
Many bacteria have small circular DNA outside the genomic DNA.
What does plasmid DNA confer to bacteria?
Plasmid DNA confers certain unique phenotypic characters to such bacteria.
What is one unique character conferred by plasmid DNA?
One such character is resistance to antibiotics.
