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Prokaryotic cells + viruses Flashcards

(7 cards)

1
Q

Flagellum

A

-makes it move

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2
Q

DNA

A
  • floats free in cytoplasm

- coiled up strand

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3
Q

plasmids

A
  • small loops of DNA

- contains genes for antibiotic resistance

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4
Q

Capsule

A
  • made up of secreted slime

- protect bacteria from attack by cells

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5
Q

binary fission

A
  • cell replicates its genetic material before splitting into 2 daughter cells
  • circular DNA and plasmids replicate
  • main DNA loops is only replicated once
  • plasmids can be replicated loads of times
  • cell gets bigger and DNA loops move to opposite poles of the cell
  • cytoplasm begins to divide
  • cytoplasm divides and 2 daughter cells produced
  • each daughter cell has one copy of the circular DNA but can have a variable number of copies of the plasmids
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6
Q

viruses

A
  • acellular
  • nucleic acids surrounded by proteins
  • invade and reproduce inside the cells of other organisms (host cells)
  • protein coat called capsid
  • attachment proteins sticking out and lets viruses clin onto a suitable host cell
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7
Q

viral replication

A
  • attach to host cell surface
  • attachment proteins bind to complementary receptor proteins on cell-surface membrane of the host cells
  • different viruses have different attachment proteins so require different receptor proteins on host cells
  • some viruses can only infect one species
  • others can infect many
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