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Italian Grammar > Pronouns 2 > Flashcards

Pronouns 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Questo libro è il mio preferito. (This book is my favorite.)

Here, “questo” (or questa/questi/queste) indicates…

A

a noun that is within reach of the speaker and the person to whom (s)he is speaking.

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2
Q

Questa casa è molto bella. (This house is very beautiful.)

What does “questa” (or questo/questi/queste) indicate here?

A

“Questa” indicates a noun that is within reach of the speaker and the person to whom (s)he is speaking.

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3
Q

Vado all’università questo pomeriggio. (I go to the university this afternoon.)

“Questo” is used here because…

A

“Questo/questa/questi/queste” signify time and proximity.

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4
Q

Quanto costa quel capello? (How much does that hat cost?)

Here, “quel” (or quello/quella/quei (quegli)/quelle) indicates…

A

a noun out of the speaker’s reach or nearer to the listener than the speaker.

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5
Q

Quella maglietta è molto costosa. (That shirt is very expensive.)

Here, “quella” (or quello/quei (quegli)/quelle) indicates…

A

a noun out of the speaker’s reach or nearer to the listener than the speaker.

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6
Q

Complete the sentence with the appropriate demonstrative adjective: “_______ donne sono le nostre professore.” (______ women are our teachers.)

The women are far away from both the speaker and the listener, but still within visual distance.

A

quelle (those [over there])

Quello/quella/quei (quegli)/quelle along with the suffixes -ci and -là are used to indicate nouns which are far away.

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7
Q

______ giorni che abbiamo trascorso nel villaggio lo scorso inverno. (_____ days we spent in the village last winter.)

Pick the correct demonstrative adjective and defend your answer.

a) quei
b) questi
c) quegli

A

A) quei, because “quello/quella/quei (quegli)/quelle” can be used to distinguish between a recent past and a more distant one.

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8
Q

In quei giorni, la macchina non esisteva. (At that time, a car didn’t exist.)

Here, “quei” is used because…

A

“Quello/quella/quei (quegli)/quelle” can be used to distinguish between a recent past and a more distant one.

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9
Q

State this sentence in Italian: Those books and those newspapers are on the table.

Word bank:

  • libri = books
  • giornali = newspapers
  • sul = on the
  • tavolo = table
  • sono = are
  • e = and
A

Quei libri e quei giornali sono sul tavolo.

Demonstrative adjectives directly precede the noun they modify. If there are multiple nouns in a sentence, the demonstrative adjective should directly precede each noun.

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10
Q

List the six Italian demonstrative pronouns and their English translations.

A
  • questo/questa (this, m/f)
  • questi/queste (these, m/f)
  • quello/quella (that, m/f)
  • quelli/quelle (those, m/f)
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11
Q

Mi piace questo. (I like this one.)

How would you change the above sentence to emphasize “questo”?

A

by adding “qui” (here) or “lì” (there) to the end of the sentence.

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12
Q

How would you say “I like that one there,” in Italian? Explain.

A

Mi piace quello lì.

Emphasize forms of “questo” and “quello” by adding “qui” (here) or “lì” (there) to the end of the sentence.

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13
Q

Quello che lavora qui è mio fratello. (This one who works here is my brother.)

What is the role of the demonstrative pronoun (quello) in this sentence?

A

Demonstrative pronouns replace nouns in phrases instead of modifying them.

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14
Q

La mia casa è più grande di quella. (My house is bigger than that one.)

True or False: In the sentence above, “quella” is being used as a demonstrative adjective.

A

False. “Quella” is being used as a demonstrative pronoun.

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15
Q

La torta è molto grande. (The cake is very big.)

In the above sentence, replace “la torta” with a demonstrative pronoun.

A

Questa torta è molto grande. (This [one] is very big.)

Demonstrative pronouns agree in gender and number with the nouns they replace.

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16
Q

Translate “Peter’s car and Maria’s,” into Italian. (Hint: ‘l’automobile’ means ‘car.’)

A

L’automobile di Peter e quella di Maria.

Demonstrative pronoun + di can indicate possession.

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17
Q

Translate “what/which?”

A

che?

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18
Q

What’s “about what?” in Italian?

A

di che?

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19
Q

State “who/whom?” in Italian.

A

chi

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20
Q

A. Che fai?
B. Che cosa fai?
C. Cosa fai?

Which sentence(s) mean “What are you doing?” in Italian? Justify your answer.

A

A, B, and C. In Italian, “che” can also be expressed by “che cosa” and “cosa.”

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21
Q

In Italian, “Whose house is this?” is…

A

Di chi è questa casa?

whose? = di che?

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22
Q

Complete the sentence: ____ era il film che guardavi? (What was the film you watched?)

A

Qual

“Quale” drops the final -e before “è” or “era,” and an apostrophe is not used.

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23
Q

Translate “which?” and “which ones?”

A

quale? (which); quali? (which ones)

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24
Q

State all versions of “how much/how many?” in Italian.

A

quanto (m. s.)
quanta (f. s.)
quanti (m. pl.)
quante (f. pl.)

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25
Q

What’s “How are you?” in Italian? (Hint: ‘stai’ means ‘you are.’)

A

Come stai?

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26
Q

In Italian, “When are you coming?” is…

Hint: vieni = you are coming.

A

Quando vieni?

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27
Q

Translate “Where is the bathroom?”

Word bank:

  • il bagno = the bathroom
  • si trova = is
A

Dove si trova il bagno?

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28
Q

What’s “Where are you [formal] from?” in Italian? (Hint: ‘è’ means ‘you are.’)

A

Di dove’è Lei?

di dove? = from where

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29
Q

State “Why do you say that?” in Italian. (Hint: ‘dici’ means ‘you say.’)

A

Perché dici questo?

perché = why

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30
Q

Che è quello? (What is that?)

Here, “che” is used as…

A

a subject. “Che” can be used as a subject, direct object, or object of a preposition.

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31
Q

Che vuoi? (What do you want?)

How is “che” used here?

A

As a direct object. “Che” can be used as a subject, direct object, or object of a preposition.

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32
Q

Di che parlano? (What do they talk about?)

Explain how “che” is being used here.

A

As an object of a preposition. “che” can be used as a subject, direct object, or object of a preposition.

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33
Q

Chi è lei? (Who is she?)

Here, “chi” is used as…

A

a subject. “Chi” can be used as a subject, a direct object, or an object of a preposition.

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34
Q

Chi vuoi vedere? (Who do you want to see?)

What is “chi” being used as here?

A

As a direct object. “Chi” can be used as a subject, a direct object, or an object of a preposition.

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35
Q

Di chi parlano? (Who are they talking about?)

How is “chi” used here?

A

As an object of a preposition. “Chi” can be used as a subject, a direct object, or an object of a preposition.

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36
Q

Qual è il nome di questa via? (What is the name of this street?)

Here, “qual” is used instead of “quali,” because…

A

“quale/quali” agrees in number with the person/thing it refers to. Here, “via” is singular, so the singular “qual” is used. (See previous card on the usage of ‘qual’ instead of ‘quale.’)

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37
Q

____ è la ragione per la quale è partito? (What is the reason for which he left?)

Fill in the blank and justify your answer.

a) che
b) qual

A

b) qual

“Quale” is used instead of “che” with essere + abstract noun, except when requesting a definition.

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38
Q

True or false: “What is Buddhism?” in Italian is, “Che è il buddismo?”

A

True. “Che” is used instead of “quale” when requesting a definition.

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39
Q

___ musica preferisci? (____ music do you prefer?)

Fill in the blank and justify your answer.

a) che
b) quale

A

a) che

“Che” usually precedes a noun, but “quale” never does.

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40
Q

____ è la tua musica preferita? (_____ is your favorite music?)

Fill in the blank and justify your answer.

a) qual
b) che

A

a) qual

“Che” usually precedes a noun, but “quale” never does.

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41
Q

What’s “What a woman!” in Italian? Justify your answer. (Hint: ‘donna’ means ‘woman.’)

A

Che donna!

Che + noun/adjective/adverb! = How/what a noun/adjective/adverb!

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42
Q

State “How delicious!” in Italian and explain your answer. (Hint: ‘buono’ means ‘delicious.’)

A

Che buono!

Che + noun/adjective/adverb! = How/what a noun/adjective/adverb!

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43
Q

In che + noun constructions, a qualifying adjective after the noun is usually preceded by…

A

più/tanto (the most/so).

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44
Q

Translate “You have so many friends!” in Italian.

Word bank:

  • amici = friends
  • hai = you have
A

Quanti amici hai!

Quanto + noun! = How many/much noun!

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45
Q

What’s “We ran so much this morning!” in Italian? Defend your answer.

Word bank:

  • mattina = morning
  • abbiamo corso = we ran
A

Quanto abbiamo corso questa mattina!

“Quanto + verb” is used to stress the intensity or extent of an action.

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46
Q

Translate “How much does this shirt cost?” Justify your translation.

Word bank:

  • camicia = shirt
  • costa = cost
A

Quanto costa questa camicia?

“Quanto” and its variants must agree in gender and number with the nouns they modify.

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47
Q

What’s “How many apples do you have?” in Italian? Explain.

Word bank:

  • mele = apples
  • hai = you have
A

Quante mele hai?

“Quanto” and its variants must agree in gender and number with the nouns they modify.

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48
Q

State “Oh how that man dances!” in Italian. Justify your answer.

Word bank:

  • uomo = man
  • balla = dances
A

“Come balla quell’uomo!”

“Como” is used in front of verbs to express surprise at how a verb was done.

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49
Q

The book you bought is interesting.

Is this translation correct: “Il libro hai comprato è interessante”? Explain.

A

No. It should be “Il libro che hai comprato è interessante,” because the relative pronoun (here, ‘che’) is never omitted.

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50
Q

Peter vive in una città. La città si chiama Sydney. = Peter vive in una città che si chiama Sydney. (Peter lives in a city. The city is called Sydney. = Peter lives in a city [that is] called Sydney.)

What concept does the above example illustrate?

A

Relative pronouns are used to connect two short sentences.

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51
Q

List the four translations of “as much/many” in Italian.

A
  • quanto
  • quanta
  • quanti
  • quante
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52
Q

Translate “The woman who lives there is my sister.” Explain.

Word bank:

  • vive = lives
  • sorella = sister
  • là = there
  • donna = woman
A

La donna che vive là è mia sorella.

The relative pronoun “che” can refer to the subject of the sentence.

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53
Q

What’s “The woman who we saw yesterday is my sister” in Italian? Defend your answer.

A

La donna che abbiamo visto ieri è mia sorella.

The relative pronoun “che” can refer to the object of the sentence.

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54
Q

State “The first time I saw him was last week” in Italian and explain.

Word bank:

  • la settimana scorsa = last week
  • era = was
  • prima = first
  • vidi = I saw
  • volta = time
A

La prima volta che lo vidi era la settimana scorsa.

“Che” is used after nouns denoting periods of time (e.g., vece, giorno, anno).

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55
Q

What relative pronoun is used instead of “che” when preceded by certain prepositions?

A

cui

56
Q

The prepositions that can be used with the relative pronoun “cui” are…

A

a, con, di, da, in, per, su, tra/fra

57
Q

Translate “The house in which I live is big.” Explain.

A

La casa in cui vivo è grande.

The relative prounon “cui” can refer to things or people and is preceded by a preposition.

58
Q

State “The boy with whom I speak is smart,” in Italian. Justify your answer.

Word bank:

  • parlo = speak
  • ragazzo = boy
  • inteligente= smart
A

Il ragazzo a cui parlo è inteligente.

The relative prounon “cui” is used when referring to people and preceded by a preposition.

59
Q

Is this phrase correct: “la ragazza cui io parlo a” (the girl whom I speak with)? Explain why or why not.

A

No. It should be “la ragazza a cui io parlo,” because, although a preposition can be placed at the end of a relative clause in English, in Italian, it should be placed immediately before the associated relative pronoun.

60
Q

What’s “It was he who did it,” in Italian?

Word bank:

  • è stato = it was
  • l’ha fatto = did
A

È stato lui che l’ha fatto.

The relative pronoun “che” can be used in the constructions “it is/was [subject] who [the one/those who/that],” when essere” introduces the subordinate clause.

61
Q

Translate “It is she who does not want to come.”

Word bank:

  • vuole = want
  • venire = come
  • non = does not
A

È lei che non vuole venire.

“Che” can be used only as the subject of the clause and may refer to either a person or a thing.

62
Q

The woman with whom I spoke is my professor. (The woman whom I spoke with is my professor.)

Translate the above sentence and justify your translation.

A

La donna con cui ho parlato è la mia professora.

The relative pronoun “cui” is used to refer to a person and follows a preposition.

63
Q

List ten examples of prepositions that the relative pronoun “cui” can follow.

A
  • con
  • a
  • contro
  • fra/tra
  • per
  • tranne
  • secondo
  • su
64
Q

Translate “He who studies, learns.” (Hint: ‘studia’ means ‘studies’ and ‘impara’ means ‘learns.’)

A

Chi studia, impara.

“Chi” is always followed by a singular verb.

65
Q

Does “Colui che studia, impara,” mean “He who studies, learns”? Explain.

A

Yes: “Colui che” is an alternate form of “chi” that refers to the pronoun “he.”

66
Q

What’s “She who studies, learns,” in Italian?

A

Colei che studia, impara.

“Colei che” is an alternate form of “chi” that refers to the pronoun “she.”

67
Q

Is this sentence grammatical? “Coloro che studia, impara.” Defend your response.

A

No, it should be “Coloro che studiano, imparano.” “Coloro che,” an alternate form of “chi” that refers to “they,” is followed by a plural verb.

68
Q

Translate this sentence into formal Italian: My friends with whom I studied found a job.

A

Gli amici con i qualli ho studiato, hanno trovato un lavoro.

In written language and official documents, “il quale” is used instead of “che/cui” to distinguish between multiple possible antecedents. It’s normally used with prepositions and agrees with the antecedent in gender and number.

69
Q

State “What you say is true,” in Italian. Defend your answer.

Word bank:

  • vero = true
  • dici = say
  • è = is
A

Quello che dici è vero.

The neuter relative pronouns quello che/quell che/ciò che are used to replace a general or abstract idea when there is no antecedent.

70
Q

What’s “I don’t understand what you say,” in Italian? Explain.

Word bank:

  • dici = say
  • capisco = understand
  • non = don’t
A

Non capisco ciò che dici.

The neuter relative pronouns quello che/quell che/ciò che are used to replace a general or abstract idea when there is no antecedent.

71
Q

Translate “Everything he does is good.” Explain.

Word bank:

  • buono = good
  • tutto = all/everything
  • è= is
  • fa = does
A

Tutto ciò che fa è buono.

The neuter relative pronoun can be combined with “tutto” (all/everything).

72
Q

Fill in the blank: Ho un amico ____ padre è medico. (I have a friend whose father is a doctor.)

A

il cui

The relative pronouns “il/la/i/le cui” (‘whose’) denotes ownership, can refer to people or things, and are immediately followed by a noun with which they agree in gender and number.

73
Q

Complete the sentence: Sandra, ____ sorella ha una boutique, studia con me. (Sandra, whose sister has a boutique, studies with me.)

A

la cui

The relative pronouns “il/la/i/le cui” (‘whose’) denotes ownership, can refer to people or things, and are immediately followed by a noun with which they agree in gender and number.

74
Q

Questa è la casa in cui vive l’attore. (This is the house in which the actor lives.)

Rewrite the above sentence without using a preposition and a form of “cui.”

A

Questa è la casa dove vive l’attore. (This is the house where the actor lives.)

(‘Dove’ is used to introduce a relative clause that refers to a place or time in order to avoid using a preposition and a form of ‘cui.’)

75
Q

Translate “The museum you are going to is beautiful.”

Word bank:

  • museo = museum
  • bello = beautiful
  • è = is
  • vai = are going
A

Il museo dove (in cui) vai è bello.

76
Q

What’s “Where are you from?” in Italian? (Hint: ‘è’ = ‘are.’)

A

Di dove sei?

‘Di dove’ is a variant of ‘dove.’

77
Q

Fill in the blank: Ho un esame la prossima settimana ______ arrivano i tuoi genitori. (I have an exam next week when your parents arrive.)

A

quando

78
Q

Translate “I have something for you.” (Hint: ‘ho’ means ‘I have.’) Explain.

A

Ho qualcosa per te.

“qualcosa” is invariable and can be used as a pronoun (referring only to things), meaning “something/anything.”

79
Q

What’s “Do you want anything?” in Italian? Explain. (Hint: ‘vuoi’ means ‘want.’)

A

Vuoi qualcosa?

“qualcosa” is invariable and can be used as a pronoun (referring only to things), meaning “something/anything.”

80
Q

State “There is someone in the house,” in Italian.

Word bank:

  • c’è = there is
  • casa = house
A

C’è qualcuno in casa.

81
Q

In Italian, “Has anyone seen John?” is…

Hint: ‘ha visto’ means ‘has seen.’

A

Qualcuno ha visto John?

82
Q

Translate: I saw some people in the street.

Word Bank:

  • strada = street
  • ho visto = saw
  • persone = people
  • nella = in the
A

Ho visto alcune persone nella strada.

“alcuno/a/i/e” agrees in gender and number and can be used as an adjective or a pronoun that refers to a noun meaning “some/any.”

83
Q

Delle macchine sono molte care. (Some cars are very expensive.)

Change the sentence above so it says “Certain cars are very expensive.” Explain.

A

Certe macchine sono molto care.

“Certe” is an adjective that agrees with the noun it modifies in gender and number. Before the noun, it means “certain.”

84
Q

Translate “It is not certain.” Explain.

A

Non è certo.

noun + certo = reliable/definite/certain

85
Q

What’s “Such a profession is prestigious,” in Italian? Explain.

Word Bank:

  • professione = profession
  • prestigiosa = prestigious
A

Tale professione è prestigiosa.

“Tale/tali” agrees in number, can come only before a noun, and cannot be followed by an indefinite article.

86
Q

State “I don’t like such things,” in Italian. Justify.

A

Non mi piacciono tali cose.

“Tale/tali” agrees in number, can come only before a noun, and cannot be followed by an indefinite article.

87
Q

I go to Spain every year.

Translate the above sentence.

Word Bank:

  • vado = go
  • Spagna = Spain
  • anno = year
A

Vado in Spagna ogni anno.

88
Q

Fill in the blank: _____ scrittori sono noti in questo paese. (Several writers are well known in this country.) Explain.

A

Vari

“vario/a/i/e” is used as an indefinite adjective and as a pronoun meaning “several.”

89
Q

Translate: She has a dress of various colors. Explain.

Word Bank:

  • colori = colors
  • ha = has
  • di = of
  • vestito = dress
A

Ha un vestito di vari colori.

“vario/a/i/e” can also mean “varied/different.”

90
Q

What’s “She has a dress of different colors,” in Italian? Explain.

A

Ha un vestito di colori differenti.

“Diferente/diferenti” can be placed after the noun and agree in number.

91
Q

Complete the sentence: Sono andato _______ al cinema. (I went alone to the cinema.)

A

solo

92
Q

_______ cinema che dà questo film è nel centro della città. (The only cinema that shows this film is in the centre of the city.)

Pick which best completes the sentence above and defend your choice.

a) Il solo
b) L’unico

A

b) L’unico

“L’unico” is used instead of “solo” to say “the only.”

93
Q

Translate: I have only two hours to work. Explain your answer.

Word Bank:

  • ore = hours
  • ho = have
  • lavorare = to work
  • due = two
  • per = to
A

Io ho solo due ore per lavorare.

“Solo” can also be used as an adverb meaning “only.”

94
Q

What’s “These [masculine] are enough for me,” in Italian? Explain.

A

Questi sono sufficienti per me.

When “bastante/sufficiente” is used as an adjective or pronoun, it agrees in number.

95
Q

State “We have enough time to go there,” in Italian and defend your answer.

A

Abbiamo abbastanza tempo para andare lì.

As an adverb, “abbastanza” is invariable and used to indicate quality or extent.

96
Q

Translate “Her house is quite big.”

Word Bank:

  • grande = big
  • casa = house
  • è = is
A

La sua casa è abbastanza grande.

As an adverb, “abbastanza” is invariable and used to indicate quality or extent.

97
Q

Fill in the blank: Lei ha ______ amiche. (She has many friends.) Justify your answer.

A

molte

As an adjective or pronoun, “molto/a/i/e” means “much,” “many,” or “a lot of” and agrees in gender and number.

98
Q

Translate: They have few friends. Justify.

Word Bank:

  • amici = friends
  • hanno = they have
A

Hanno pochi amici.

As an adjective or pronoun, “poco/a, pochi/e” means “few” or “little,” and agrees in gender and number.

99
Q

Abbiamo molto da fare. (We have a lot to do.)

Here, “molto” is being used as…

A

an unchangeable neuter pronoun.

100
Q

What’s “She works a lot”? Explain. (Hint: ‘lavora’ means ‘works.’)

A

Lei lavora molto.

As an adverb, “molto” means “much” or “a lot.”

101
Q

State “He smiles a little,” in Italian. Explain. (Hint: ‘sorride’ means ‘smiles.’)

A

Lui sorride poco.

As an adverb, “poco” means “little” or “few.”

102
Q

Translate “It is unlikely.” Defend your answer. (Hint: ‘probabile’ means ‘likely.’)

A

È poco probabile.

As an adverb, “poco” is used to negate an adjective.

103
Q

What’s “It is a little strange,” in Italian? Justify your answer. (Hint: ‘strano’ means ‘strange.’)

A

È ‘un po’ strano.

When “poco” is preceded by an indefinite article, it becomes “un po’” and means “a little.”

104
Q

State “Do you want a little juice?” in Italian. Explain your answer.

Word Bank:

  • suco = juice
  • vuoi = you want
A

Vuoi un po’ di suco?

When referring to quantity, “un po’” is used with “di,” and the noun that follows has no article.

105
Q

Fill in the blank: C’è _________ gente in strada. (There are too many people in the street.) Explain.

A

troppa

“Troppo/a/i/e” is an adjective or pronoun that means “too much” or “too many.” It agrees in gender and number.

106
Q

Complete the sentence: Ho lavorato ______ ieri. (I worked too much yesterday.) Defend your answer.

A

troppo

“Troppo” is used as an invariable adverb meaning “too much.”

107
Q

Translate “The light is too strong.” Explain your answer.

Word Bank:

  • forte = strong
  • luce = light
A

La luce è troppo forte.

As an unchangeable neuter pronoun, “troppo” can mean “too.”

108
Q

What’s “The whole street is covered in snow,” in Italian? Explain.

Word Bank:

  • neve = snow
  • coperta = covered
  • strada = street
A

Tutta la strada è coperta di neve.

“Tutto” means “all (of)/the whole/the entire” as an adjective. In this case, “tutto” can be used with a noun preceded by the definite article, possessive or demonstrative adjectives.

109
Q

State “All of our friends are nice,” in Italian. Explain.

A

Tutti i nostri amici sono gentili.

“Tutto” means “all (of)/the whole/the entire” as an adjective. In this case, “tutto” can be used with a noun preceded by the definite article, possessive or demonstrative adjectives.

110
Q

Translate “All of them want to speak Spanish.” Justify your answer.

Word Bank:

  • spagnolo= Spanish
  • parlare = speak
  • vogliono = want
A

Tutti loro vogliono parlare spagnolo.

“Tutto” can precede a pronoun or place name.

111
Q

What’s “The students are all very smart,” in Italian? Defend your answer.

A

Gli studenti sono tutti molto intelligenti.

As long as it agrees with the noun it modifies, “tutto” can be used elsewhere in a sentence.

112
Q

State “every week, every day,” in Italian and defend your response. (Hint: ‘settimana’ means ‘week’ and ‘giorno’ means ‘day.’)

A

tutte le settimane, tutti i giorni

“Tutto” means “every” when used with definite article + noun referring to time period.

113
Q

A. una giornata intera/un giorno intero

B. uno tutto giorno

Which sentence best expresses “a whole/an entire day”? Justify your response.

A

A. una giornata intera/un giorno intero

To express “a whole/an entire,” it’s better to use “intero/a/i/e,” which goes with the indefinite article and agrees in gender and number with the noun it modifies.

114
Q

Translate “I want to know everything that you know.” Explain your response.

Word Bank:

  • sapere/sai = know
  • voglio = I want
A

Voglio sapere tutto quello che sai.

“Tutto (quello che)” can be used with relative pronouns.

115
Q

What’s “We talked to all those who came,” in Italian? Defend your answer.

Word Bank:

  • venuti = came
  • abbiamo parlato = we talked
A

Abbiamo parlato con tutti quelli che sono venuti.

“Tutto/tutti quelli che/tutte quelle che” can be used with relative pronouns.

116
Q

Translate “in any case.” Explain.

A

in tutti i casi, in ogni caso

There are fixed expressions with “tutto.” In some cases, however, “ogni” (every) is more common than “tutto.”

117
Q

What’s “all kinds of” in Italian? Justify your response.

A

tutti i tipi di

There are fixed expressions with “tutto.”

118
Q

State “at all hours” in Italian. Defend your answer.

A

a tutte le ore

There are fixed expressions with “tutto.”

119
Q

In Italian, “at all costs” is…

A

a tutti i costi, ad ogni costo

There are fixed expressions with “todo.” In some cases, however, “ogni” (every) is more common than “tutto.”

120
Q

State “Everyone knows it.”

A

Tutti lo sanno.

121
Q

Fill in the blank: Ho comprato ____. (I bought everything.)

A

tutto

As an invariable pronoun, “tutto” refers to “all” or “everything” in general.

122
Q

Translate “That’s what she says to everyone.” Explain.

A

Questo è quello che dice a tutti.

As a pronoun, “tutto” means “all” or “everyone.”

123
Q

Translate “The rest of the visitors cannot come.” Explain.

Word Bank:

  • possono = can
  • visitatori = visitors
  • venire = come
A

Il resto dei visitatori non possono venire.

“Il resto” means “the rest/the others/everything else” and is invariable.

124
Q

What’s “She phoned me; the rest does not matter,” in Italian? Explain.

Word Bank:

  • telefonato = phoned
  • importa = matters
A

Lei mi ha telefonato, il resto non importa.

“Il resto” means “the rest/the others/everything else” and is invariable.

125
Q

Fill in the blank: ______ di loro è venuto. (None of them came.) Defend your response.

A

Nessuno

The indefinite pronoun nessuno/a agrees in gender and means “anyone” or “none.”

126
Q

Complete the conversation below in Italian and explain.

Hai regali per loro? (Do you have any gifts for them?)

____. (None.)

A

Nessuno

The indefinite pronoun nessuno/a agrees in gender and means “anyone” or “none.”

127
Q

Nessuno è venuto. (______ came.)

In the sentence above, the indefinite pronoun “nessuno” means…

A

no one/nobody

128
Q

Translate “I see no one/I don’t see anyone.” (Hint: ‘vedo’ means ‘see.’) Explain.

A

Non vedo nessuno.

The indefinite pronoun “nessuno” means “no one/nobody.” In Italian, negative sentences use double negatives.

129
Q

Fill in the blank: Non vedo ____. (I see nothing/I don’t see anything.)

A

niente

130
Q

Translate “Both of them came,” and explain.

Hint: sono venuto = came

A

Entrambi/ambedue/tutti e due sono venuto.

Entrambi/ambedue/tutti e due mean “both” and are invariable.

131
Q

In Italian, how would you say, “I spoke to both of them”? Explain.

Hint: conversai = spoke

A

Ho parlato con tutti e due/entrambi/ambedue.

Entrambi/ambedue/tutti e due mean “both” and are invariable.

132
Q

What’s “I spoke to both brother and sister,” in Italian? Explain your response.

Word Bank:

  • fratello = brother
  • ho parlato con = I spoke to
  • sorella = sister
A

Ho parlato con il fratello e la sorella.

In Italian, “both” is used for emphasis and cannot be translated literally.

133
Q

Translate “Everyone has his own taste,” and explain.

A

Ognuno ha i propri gusti.

“Ognuno/a” is used as a noun and means “each one” or “everyone.”

134
Q

“Alcuni” means…

A

some/a few

135
Q

In questions, “alcuno/a/i/e” mean…

A

any

136
Q

As pronouns, “alcuno/a/i/e” mean…

A

one/some of them

Italian Grammar (8 decks)

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