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Propeller Flashcards

1
Q

Constant Speed Propeller

A

variable-pitch or
controllable-pitch propeller

common type of adjustable-pitch propeller used on aircraft today

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2
Q

Low angle

A
  • Low force or drag,
    high RPM
  • For Takeoff and
    Climb
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3
Q

High angle

A
  • High force or drag,
    Low RPM
  • For Cruise
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4
Q

Propeller’s constant-speed range

A

range of possible blade angles for a
constant-speed propeller

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5
Q

as a/c accelerate

A

the propeller
blade angle increases to maintain the
selected rpm

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6
Q

propeller control lever or knob

A

controls the propeller blade angle

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7
Q

tachometer

A

where the resulting change in engine rpm caused by a change in blade angle is indicated.

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8
Q

manifold pressure gauge

A

indicates the pressure of the air in the engine’s induction manifold.

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9
Q

single acting propeller

A

Small single engine aircraft usually
have propellers without a feathering
position

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10
Q

high pitch

A

coarse

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11
Q

low pitch

A

fine

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12
Q

Altering the blade angle

A

If the propeller RPM changes, the propeller change mechanism reacts

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13
Q

Propeller governor consists of:

A

flyweights

pilot valve

speeder spring

gear pump

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14
Q

relief valve

A

limit operating pressure

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15
Q

pressure relief valve

A

control or limit surges of pressure within pipelines

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16
Q

prop governor

A

maintain the RPM, by balancing the forces trying to spin the propeller

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17
Q
A
  • The governor receives its RPM signal
    either from its installed position on the
    engine. The governor is set to the selected RPM via lift rods or a push-pull cable from the cockpit.
  • Inside the governor there is a pilot valve. This valve either supplies hydraulic oil to the change mechanism, allows the oil to flow back into the scavenge oil system, or locks the system hydraulically to keep the selected blade pitch constant
  • The pilot valve is controlled by a
    centrifugal regulator (flyweights), which
    is also located in the governor and is
    sensitive to engine rpm. This regulator
    works against a spring, the tension of
    which can be adjusted by the propeller
    control lever in the cockpit. (RPM
    selection)
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18
Q

spring

A

moves the blades into the feathering position.

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19
Q

the control lever in the
cockpit is pulled fully back

A

In order to move the propeller into the
feathering position

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20
Q

Changes in power are achieved by
changes in ________

A

tourque

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21
Q

propeller used for turboprop engine

A

constant speed fully feathering
propellers with reverse thrust

constructed as double acting propellers

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22
Q

Beta mode

A

can only be selected on the ground

any angle between zero thrust and flight idle can be selected.

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23
Q

constant speed mode

A

known as alpha mode

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24
Q

Beta Feedback

A

feedback signal for the blade angle from the propeller to the pitch change valve

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25
oil transfer tubes
inside
26
Beta rods
outside
27
pitch control unit
A blade angle change is only possible if the propeller is controlled by it
28
pitch lock mechanism
To prevent a large blade angle change in the direction of low pitch on loss of oil pressure
29
Pitch Control Unit
hydro-mechanical device that interfaces with a propeller, controlled electrically by the Propeller Electronic Control (PEC) unit
30
PCU's primary role
precisely control the pitch angle of the propeller blades
31
propeller electronic control unit (PEC)
In the case of turboprop engines with electronic propeller control, the task of the propeller governor is taken over
32
the servo valve located in the PCU
who Electrical control of the PEC is carried out
33
beta tube
connect PCU to the propeller
34
the beta valve
rear end of the beta tube together with the corresponding parts of the PCU
35
beta mode
any angle between zero thrust and flight idle (or full reverse) can be selected.
36
spring pressure
The propeller is then moved into the feathering position
37
Unfeathering
To move the propeller out of the feathering position achieved with an electrically driven unfeathering pump
38
Negative Torque
the operating condition where the engine is not driving the propeller, but conversely the propeller drives the engine
39
torque sensor
picks up the negative torque of the propeller shaft
40
Auto Feather System
are activated for take-off and react to the decreasing torque of an engine in case of its malfunction.
41
Adjusting the propellers
manually or automatically
42
manual synchronization
accomplished by slowly adjusting the RPM of one engine until it matches the other
43
Cockpit indicators
assist in propeller synchronization.
44
Propeller synchronization
improve the comfort of the aircraft occupants
45
prop sync indicator
a cockpit display that shows whether the propellers of a multi-engine aircraft are synchronized
46
display disc rotates clockwise
right engine is fast
47
display disc rotates counter clockwise
right engine is slow
48
left engine
master
49
right engine
slave
50
propeller synchronization if off when:
* Takeoff * Landing * Single engine operations * Intentionally changing the propeller RPM in flight
51
synchronizer
automatically matches the revolutions of one or several propellers to the RPM of the master engine.
52
synchronization systems used on multi-engine aircraft:
* master motor synchronization system * one engine master control system * synchrophasing system (Mechanical Governing System and Electronic Governing System)
53
Synchronizing systems
control engine rpm and reduce vibration
54
synchronizer
calculates the propeller revolutions with the aid of inductive RPM sensors on the propeller shafts or with pickups on the governors.
55
synchronizer master unit
incorporates a master motor which mechanically drives four contactor units that are electrically connected to an alternator.
56
alternator
a small three-phase, alternating current generator driven by an accessory drive of the engine.
57
One Engine Master Control System * Many twin engine aircraft are equipped with a more modern propeller synchronizer system.
* control box (includes a comparative circuit) * special master governor on the left engine * slave governor on the right engine * activator in the right engine nacelle * Both governors incorporate a frequency generator that produces a frequency proportional to the engine's rotational speed.
58
SYNCHROPHASER
are a refinement of propeller synchronization systems in that they allow a pilot to control the angular difference in the plane of rotation between the propeller blades
59
phase angle
angular difference i can be adjusted by the pilot to reduce vibration and noise
60
Pulse generators
also known as magnetic pickup device attached to each propeller blade send signals to a controller
61
Phase Control Unit or propeller phase synchronizing system
adjusts the relative angular positions of multiple propellers
62
synchrophaser
sets the slave propeller to a constant phase displacement.
63
propeller electronic control units
RPM of the propeller is governed

MIDTERM (6 decks)

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