Properties of Matter

Question 1

Are normally considered to be fairly rigid, having definite shape and volume

Answer 1

Solid

Question 2

Solids are usually thought to be dense, but they also can be finely divided and have little density.

True or False

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Have the same density as the solid state and have a definite volume. Assume the shape of their containers and can also flow from one point to another under the influence of a force

Answer 3

Liquid

Question 4

Are characterized by low density and can also flow like the liquid phase and when placed in an evacuated container, it completely fills it.

Answer 4

Gases

Question 5

Exists when the particles of matter have enough kinetic energy that at least some of their electrons become stripped away. Occurs at very high temperatures

Answer 5

Plasma

Question 6

The basic chemical building blocks of matter are called

Answer 6

Elements

Question 7

Was an English scientist whose atomic theory contributed to the development of a table of atomic weights and a mathematical basis for chemistry

Answer 7

John Dalton

Question 8

Matter that is made up of small particles

Answer 8

Atoms

Question 9

Oxygens are eight times as massive as hydrogen atoms

True or False

Answer 9

True

Question 10

Atoms are never created, destroyed, or changed

True or False

Answer 10

True

Question 11

The major components of an atom

Answer 11

Proton, Neutron, Electron

Question 12

A group that consists of atoms of one element, or it may include atoms of two or or more elements

Answer 12

Molecules

Question 13

If the atoms are of different elements the combination is called

Answer 13

Chemical compound

Question 14

Is a charged particle consisting of a single atom or two or more atoms bonded together that have a mismatch in the total number of electrons compared to protons in their nuclei

Answer 14

Ion

Question 15

Is an arbitrarily chosen mass defined as one unit

Answer 15

A relative mass unit

Question 16

Is also known as the dalton (Da), especially in biochemical studies

Answer 16

Atomic mass unit

Question 17

Is the number of particles in one mole of a substance

Answer 17

Avogadro’s number

Question 18

Is defined a force per unit area

Answer 18

Pressure

Question 19

Is the intermolecular bonding of identical particles

Answer 19

Cohesion

Question 20

Is the intermolecular bonding of dissimilar substances through attraction at their surfaces

Answer 20

Adhesion

Question 21

Liquids generally exists at relatively higher temperatures at the same pressure

True or False

Answer 21

True

Question 22

Is an interpretation of the physical properties of matter that relies strictly on classical Newton dynamics.

Answer 22

Kinetic Theory of Matter

Question 23

Solids that are arranged in a repeating pattern

Answer 23

Crystalline Solids

Question 24

Is composed of particles in a three-dimensional pattern

Answer 24

Unit cell

Question 25

Solids whose molecules do not form repeating patterns are called

Answer 25

Amorphous Solids

Question 26

Is related to the tension force normal to the cross-sectional area of the wire

Answer 26

Stress

Question 27

Is the amount that the wire stretches divided by the initial length of the wire

Answer 27

Strain

Question 28

Is a measure of the material's stiffness or resistance to change in shape

Answer 28

Elastic Modulus

Question 29

Tend to crush or push the particles of matter together.

Answer 29

Compressive forces

Question 30

Tend to cause layers of particles within the solid to slide parallel to each other like deforming a deck of cards

Answer 30

Shearing forces

Question 31

Was an English physician and physicists best known for Young's modulus and for his experiments with interference that proved the wave theory of light

Answer 31

Thomas Young

Question 32

The maximum strain that can be experienced without permanent deformation is called

Answer 32

Proportional limit

Question 33

The limit of reversible deformation

Answer 33

Elastic limit

Question 34

The change from solid to liquid takes place at a predictable temperature called

Answer 34

The melting point

Question 35

It is possible to cool a liquid to a temperature below its freezing point True or False

Answer 35

True

Question 36

The process of melting ice under pressure and then refreezing it is called

Answer 36

Regulation

Question 37

Liquids and gases do not have fixed shapes because their particles have too much kinetic energy to be rigidly held in place True or False

Answer 37

True

Question 38

A change from solid to gas

Answer 38

Sublimation

Question 39

rapid vaporization liquid to gas

Answer 39

Boiling

Question 40

Vaporization at temperatures below the boiling point and above the freezing point

Answer 40

Evaporation

Question 41

The pressure of a gas when the closed system has reached equilibrium is called

Answer 41

Vapor pressure

Question 42

Gas to liquid

Answer 42

Condensation

Question 43

Gas to Solid

Answer 43

Deposition

Question 44

Represents the combination of temperature and pressure at which all three phases of water coexists

Answer 44

Triple point