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Physics > Properties of Matter > Flashcards

Properties of Matter Flashcards

1
Q

Are normally considered to be fairly rigid, having definite shape and volume

A

Solid

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2
Q

Solids are usually thought to be dense, but they also can be finely divided and have little density.

True or False

A

True

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3
Q

Have the same density as the solid state and have a definite volume. Assume the shape of their containers and can also flow from one point to another under the influence of a force

A

Liquid

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4
Q

Are characterized by low density and can also flow like the liquid phase and when placed in an evacuated container, it completely fills it.

A

Gases

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5
Q

Exists when the particles of matter have enough kinetic energy that at least some of their electrons become stripped away. Occurs at very high temperatures

A

Plasma

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6
Q

The basic chemical building blocks of matter are called

A

Elements

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7
Q

Was an English scientist whose atomic theory contributed to the development of a table of atomic weights and a mathematical basis for chemistry

A

John Dalton

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8
Q

Matter that is made up of small particles

A

Atoms

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9
Q

Oxygens are eight times as massive as hydrogen atoms

True or False

A

True

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10
Q

Atoms are never created, destroyed, or changed

True or False

A

True

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11
Q

The major components of an atom

A

Proton, Neutron, Electron

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12
Q

A group that consists of atoms of one element, or it may include atoms of two or or more elements

A

Molecules

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13
Q

If the atoms are of different elements the combination is called

A

Chemical compound

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14
Q

Is a charged particle consisting of a single atom or two or more atoms bonded together that have a mismatch in the total number of electrons compared to protons in their nuclei

A

Ion

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15
Q

Is an arbitrarily chosen mass defined as one unit

A

A relative mass unit

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16
Q

Is also known as the dalton (Da), especially in biochemical studies

A

Atomic mass unit

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17
Q

Is the number of particles in one mole of a substance

A

Avogadro’s number

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18
Q

Is defined a force per unit area

A

Pressure

19
Q

Is the intermolecular bonding of identical particles

A

Cohesion

20
Q

Is the intermolecular bonding of dissimilar substances through attraction at their surfaces

A

Adhesion

21
Q

Liquids generally exists at relatively higher temperatures at the same pressure

True or False

A

True

22
Q

Is an interpretation of the physical properties of matter that relies strictly on classical Newton dynamics.

A

Kinetic Theory of Matter

23
Q

Solids that are arranged in a repeating pattern

A

Crystalline Solids

24
Q

Is composed of particles in a three-dimensional pattern

A

Unit cell

25
Q

Solids whose molecules do not form repeating patterns are called

A

Amorphous Solids

26
Q

Is related to the tension force normal to the cross-sectional area of the wire

A

Stress

27
Q

Is the amount that the wire stretches divided by the initial length of the wire

A

Strain

28
Q

Is a measure of the material’s stiffness or resistance to change in shape

A

Elastic Modulus

29
Q

Tend to crush or push the particles of matter together.

A

Compressive forces

30
Q

Tend to cause layers of particles within the solid to slide parallel to each other like deforming a deck of cards

A

Shearing forces

31
Q

Was an English physician and physicists best known for Young’s modulus and for his experiments with interference that proved the wave theory of light

A

Thomas Young

32
Q

The maximum strain that can be experienced without permanent deformation is called

A

Proportional limit

33
Q

The limit of reversible deformation

A

Elastic limit

34
Q

The change from solid to liquid takes place at a predictable temperature called

A

The melting point

35
Q

It is possible to cool a liquid to a temperature below its freezing point

True or False

A

True

36
Q

The process of melting ice under pressure and then refreezing it is called

A

Regulation

37
Q

Liquids and gases do not have fixed shapes because their particles have too much kinetic energy to be rigidly held in place

True or False

A

True

38
Q

A change from solid to gas

A

Sublimation

39
Q

rapid vaporization liquid to gas

A

Boiling

40
Q

Vaporization at temperatures below the boiling point and above the freezing point

A

Evaporation

41
Q

The pressure of a gas when the closed system has reached equilibrium is called

A

Vapor pressure

42
Q

Gas to liquid

A

Condensation

43
Q

Gas to Solid

A

Deposition

44
Q

Represents the combination of temperature and pressure at which all three phases of water coexists

A

Triple point

Physics (6 decks)

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