Protecting Data and Information

Question 1

Access Levels

Answer 1

Different levels of permissions that determine the actions a user can perform within a system or on specific data.

Question 2

Access Rights

Answer 2

Permissions granted to users, specifying what actions they can perform on a computer system or specific files.

Question 3

Accidental Damage

Answer 3

Unintentional harm or destruction to computer hardware, software, or data.

Question 4

Accidental Loss

Answer 4

Unintended misplacement or deletion of data or files.

Question 5

Anti-Virus Software

Answer 5

Programs designed to detect, prevent, and remove computer viruses and other malicious software.

Question 6

Backup and Recovery Procedures

Answer 6

Plans and processes for regularly saving and restoring data to prevent loss in case of system failure or data corruption.

Question 7

CAPTCHA

Answer 7

A security feature that requires users to complete a task to prove they are human and not a computer program.

Question 8

Chip & PIN

Answer 8

A security feature for credit and debit cards that requires users to input a personal identification number (PIN) along with a chip in the card.

Question 9

Contactless

Answer 9

A technology that enables transactions or data exchange by bringing devices close together without physical contact.

Question 10

Cracking

Answer 10

Unauthorized attempts to bypass security measures, often associated with attempting to obtain passwords.

Question 11

Data Controller

Answer 11

An entity or individual responsible for determining the purposes and means of processing personal data.

Question 12

Data Integrity

Answer 12

The accuracy, consistency, and reliability of data throughout its lifecycle.

Question 13

Data Security

Answer 13

Measures taken to protect data from unauthorized access, alteration, or destruction.

Question 14

Data Subject

Answer 14

An individual to whom personal data relates.

Question 15

Data User

Answer 15

An entity or individual that uses or processes data, often subject to data protection regulations.

Question 16

Denial of Service Attack

Answer 16

An attempt to make a computer or network unavailable to its intended users by overwhelming it with traffic or requests.

Question 17

Digital Certificate

Answer 17

A digital document that verifies the identity of a website or individual and facilitates secure communication.

Question 18

Disaster Recovery Plan

Answer 18

Procedures and strategies to recover and resume operations in the event of a catastrophic event or data loss.

Question 19

Encryption

Answer 19

The process of converting information into a code to prevent unauthorized access.

Question 20

File Permissions

Answer 20

Settings that determine who can access or modify files on a computer system.

Question 21

Firewall

Answer 21

A security barrier that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules.

Question 22

Format Check

Answer 22

Verifying that data is in the correct format, preventing errors or inconsistencies.

Question 23

General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR)

Answer 23

A set of regulations designed to protect the privacy and personal data of individuals in the European Union.

Question 24

Hacking

Answer 24

Unauthorized access, manipulation, or exploitation of computer systems or networks.

Question 25

Hashing

Answer 25

Converting data into a fixed-size string of characters, often used for data verification and security purposes.

Question 26

Identity Fraud

Answer 26

Unauthorized use of someone else's personal information for fraudulent purposes.

Question 27

Information Commissioner's Office (ICO)

Answer 27

The UK's independent authority that upholds information rights and promotes data privacy.

Question 28

Internet Bot

Answer 28

Automated software designed to perform tasks on the internet, both legitimate and malicious.

Question 29

Length Check

Answer 29

Verifying that data meets specified length requirements, preventing errors or inconsistencies.

Question 30

MAC Address

Answer 30

Media Access Control address, a unique identifier assigned to a network interface for communication.

Question 31

Malware

Answer 31

Malicious software designed to harm or exploit computer systems or data.

Question 32

Man in the Middle Attack

Answer 32

A security breach where an attacker intercepts and possibly alters the communication between two parties.

Question 33

Name Generator Attack

Answer 33

A type of cyber attack that exploits automated processes using randomly generated names.

Question 34

Passwords

Answer 34

Secret combinations of characters used to access computer systems or accounts.

Question 35

Phishing

Answer 35

Attempting to deceive individuals into revealing sensitive information by pretending to be a trustworthy entity.

Question 36

Physical Access Control

Answer 36

Measures to restrict physical access to computer systems or data storage areas.

Question 37

Port

Answer 37

A communication endpoint in a computer network, allowing data to be sent and received.

Question 38

Presence Check

Answer 38

Verifying that required data or fields are filled or present.

Question 39

Private Key Encryption

Answer 39

Encryption method that uses a private key to encrypt and decrypt data, ensuring secure communication.

Question 40

Protocol

Answer 40

A set of rules governing how data is transmitted between devices in a network.

Question 41

Public Key Encryption

Answer 41

Encryption method that uses a pair of public and private keys for secure communication.

Question 42

Quarantine

Answer 42

Isolating or containing potentially harmful files or software to prevent them from causing harm.

Question 43

Range Check

Answer 43

Verifying that data falls within specified numerical ranges, preventing errors or inconsistencies.

Question 44

Ransomware

Answer 44

Malicious software that encrypts a user's files and demands payment for their release.

Question 45

Real-Time Scanning

Answer 45

Continuous scanning for viruses or malware as files are accessed or modified in real-time.

Question 46

Shouldering

Answer 46

Unauthorized individuals observing or obtaining sensitive information by looking over someone's shoulder.

Question 47

Spyware

Answer 47

Software designed to secretly collect information about a user's activities without their knowledge.

Question 48

Trojan

Answer 48

Malicious software disguised as legitimate software to deceive users into unknowingly installing it.

Question 49

Type Check

Answer 49

Verifying that data is of the expected type, preventing errors or inconsistencies.

Question 50

Virus Definition

Answer 50

A database of known virus characteristics used by antivirus software to detect and remove threats.

Question 51

Viruses

Answer 51

Self-replicating and harmful software that infects other programs and can cause damage to computer systems.

Question 52

Worm

Answer 52

A type of self-replicating malware that spreads across computer networks without user interaction.