protein Flashcards
Structure of amino acid
Are the basic monomer units which combine to make a polymer called a polypeptide.
What four different chemicals attach to the central carbon.
Amino group
Carboxyl group
Hydrogen atom
R (side group)
What does the monomer of amino acid form and what reaction
Dipeptide caused by a condensation reaction
How does the primary structure of proteins (polypeptides) formed
Many amino acid monomers can be hounded together through a process called polymerisation the resulting chain of many hundreds of amino acids called a polypeptide chain.
What does the primary protein structure do
Determines the ultimate shape then hence it’s function
Why is the primary sequence so important
Just a single change can lead to a change in shape and the overall function of the protein
How does the secondary structure of a protein formed
The NH group has an overall positive charge and —C==O group has a negative charge this means they rapidly form weak hydrogen bonds, this causes the long polypeptide chain to twist into a 3D shape such a coil called a alpha helix.
What is the tertiary structure of proteins
The alpha helix twists and folds even more and complex to give a specific 3D structure
What are the different type of bonds that maintain the tertiary structure depending on the primary structure.
Disulfiede bridges
Ionic bonds
Hydrogen bonds
Why is the 3D shape of a protein important
Each shape of the structure has different functions and it makes it very specific.
What is the quaternary structure of proteins
They are very large and extremely complex contains a indivudual polypeptide chain that are linked in various ways
