Protein

Question 1

which amino acid is high in sulfur

Answer 1

methionine

Question 2

MATT amino acids

Answer 2

Methionine
Arginine
Threonine
Tryptophan

Question 3

HILL amino acids

Answer 3

Histidine
Isoleucine
Leucine
Lysine

Question 4

VP amino acids

Answer 4

Valine
Phenylamine

Question 5

T/F essential amino acids are synthesized by the body

Answer 5

FALSE, they must be fed in the diet at the required levels

Question 6

which animals are fed at their amino acid level(fed exactly the amount they need)

Answer 6

Pigs
chicken

Question 7

Can ruminal microbes synthesize essential amino acids, if so how?

Answer 7

yes, they can synthesize all amino acids from ammonia and carbon skeleton

Question 8

what type of ruminant(job) exceeds the microbes AA production abilities

Answer 8

-High-producing dairy cow
-Implanted, high growth steer grazing wheat pasture

Question 9

what AA is used for milk production

Answer 9

methionine

Question 10

T/F ALL proteins contain ALL AA in some amount

Answer 10

TRUE

Question 11

maintenance AA requirements definition

Answer 11

AA needed to stay alive

Question 12

factors increasing protein requirements

Answer 12

Increased:
Size
growth
lactation
gestation(last 1/3)
gender(male>female)
weight
activity
certain genetics
sick

Question 13

polypeptide AA amount

Answer 13

> 10 AA

Question 14

Tripeptide, dipeptide AA and peptide bond amount

Answer 14

Tri- 3 AA, 2 peptide bonds
Di- 2 AA, 1 peptide bond

Question 15

levels of protein structure

Answer 15

Primary(1°)- Sequence of AA
Secondary(2°)- hydrogen bonding
Tertiary(3°)-clustering of hydrophobic regions
Quaternary(4°)-interaction of polypeptides

Question 16

what levels of protein can be broken down by HCl

Answer 16

2,3,4

Question 17

T/F Proteolytic enzymes(pepsin) are required to break peptide bonds(1°)

Answer 17

TRUE

Question 18

steps of protein digestion

Answer 18

-denaturing(HCL: stomach)
-hydrolysis of peptide bonds(mammalian & proteolytic enzymes: stomach and SI)
-absorption(AA, di, tri)

Question 19

pepsinogen:
-production site
-activator(s)
-enzyme name
-site of activity
-activity

Answer 19

-stomach
-HCL/Pepsin
-pepsin
-Stomach
-endopeptidase

Question 20

Trypsinogen:
-production site
-activator(s)
-enzyme name
-site of activity
-activity

Answer 20

-pancreas
-endopeptidase trypsin
-trypsin
-SI
-endopeptidase

Question 21

Chymotrypsinogen:
-production site
-activator(s)
-enzyme name
-site of activity
-activity

Answer 21

-pancreas
-trypsin
-chymotrypsin
-SI
-endopeptidase

Question 22

Procarboxypeptidase:
-production site
-activator(s)
-enzyme name
-site of activity
-activity

Answer 22

-pancreas
-trypsin
-carboxy peptidase A&B
-SI
-exopeptidase

Question 23

endopeptidase define

Answer 23

hydrolyze peptide bonds on interior of peptide

Question 24

exopeptidase define

Answer 24

hydrolyze peptide bonds on end of peptide

Question 25

enteropeptidase(enterokinase) define

Answer 25

produced by enterocytes in response to CCK and secretin(activate trypsin)

Question 26

what activates I and S cells

Answer 26

presence of low pH digesta(they detect low pH)

Question 27

brush border peptidase

Answer 27

amino peptidase dipeptidyl amino peptidase tripeptidase

Question 28

function of amino peptidase

Answer 28

cleave 1 AA from oligopeptides

Question 29

function of dipeptidyl amino peptidase

Answer 29

cleave 2 AA from oligopeptides

Question 30

function of tripeptidase

Answer 30

cleave specific AA from tripeptides

Question 31

what causes a decrease in zymogen production

Answer 31

excess free trypsin

Question 32

Ruminant undegradable protein(RUP/UIP)

Answer 32

-undegradable by microbes -80% digestible by animal(average)

Question 33

ruminally degradable protein(RDP/DIP)

Answer 33

-degradable by microbes(100% digestible) -used by microbes to synthesize MCP

Question 34

T/F and Kp increases, RDP decreases and RUP increases

Answer 34

TRUE

Question 35

nitrogen retention at maintenance

Answer 35

0

Question 36

nitrogen retention during growth

Answer 36

>0

Question 37

growth phase attributes

Answer 37

PS>PD, both increase

Question 38

muscle loss phase attributes

Answer 38

PS

Question 39

nitrogen retention during muscle loss

Answer 39

<0

Question 40

what factors influence MCP production

Answer 40

-supply of fermentable organic mater(glucose) -supply of RDP

Question 41

T/F microbes will improve quality of low-quality RDP and lower quality of high quality RDP

Answer 41

TRUE