Protein Synthesis Flashcards
learning (20 cards)
What makes up proteins, what are the subunits called
Amino acids
How many different kinds of amino acids make up proteins?
20
What is the genetic code & why is it important?
It is the blueprint “of how to build/repair an organism. We couldn’t heal, grow or reproduce without it
What is a codon & what does each codon code for?
A codon is a triplet of Nitrogen bases that codes for an anuno acid.
How many codons exist?
64
Name the amino acid coded for by each of these codons
UUA - leu
AUU - Lleu
UGU - Cys
AAA - Lys
GAG - Glu
UAA - Stop
What codon starts protein synthesis?
Aug
What codons stop protein synthesis?
UAA, UAG, UGA
Proteins are synthesized (made) at what organelle
Ribosome
Define translation & tell how it starts
Decoding MRna to be translated into amino acid
Where are amino acids found in a cell & how are they transported?
Found in cytoplasm & transported by transfer RNA (tRNA)
What is an anticodon?
sequence of three nucleotides found in transfer RNA, which recognizes and binds to a specific codon on messenger RNA.
What codon on mRNA would bind with these anticodons: (use your codon table)
AAA -uuy- Phe
GGA - CCU- Pro
UAC - AUG - Met
CGU - GCA - Ala
What are ribosomes made of and in what 2 places can they be found in a cell?
Made of RNA & proteins, found on rough endoplasmic reticulum & in cytoplasm.
The start codon, AUG, pairs with what anticodon on a tRNA molecule?
UAC
What amino acid does the start codon always carry?
AUG - Met
What ends translation?
Stop codons
What determines the primary structure of a protein?
The gene that corresponds/codes for that protein
What would the translation of these mRNA transcripts produce?
UAA/CAA/GGA/GCA/UCC
UGA/CCC/GAU/UUC/AGO
stop-Gln-Gly-Ala-Ser
stop / Pro-Asp-Phe-Ser
A form of Biotech, and it’s uses.
> Vegatable oil
- Reduces the risk of cardiovascular diseases
- Better metabolism and digestion
- lowers chances of breast cancer.
