Protein Synthesis

Question 1

_______ for diabetic patients can be synthesized by bacteria that have undergone recombinant DNA processes

Answer 1

Insulin

Question 2

The final phase of translation where the amino acid chain is released from the ribosome

Answer 2

Termination

Question 3

A gene mutation where a nucletide is removed from a gene

Answer 3

Deletion

Question 4

______ bonds from between the nitrogenous bases in the DNA molecule

Answer 4

Hydrogen

Question 5

Unlike DNA, RNA is a _____ - stranded DNA molecule

Answer 5

Single

Question 6

The shape of the DNA molecule

Answer 6

Double helix

Question 7

Something that can get DNA from one species into the cells of another species

Answer 7

Vector

Question 8

Any factor which causes a mutation is called a ______

Answer 8

Mutagen

Question 9

A gene mutation where one nucleotide is replaced by a different nucleotide

Answer 9

Substitution

Question 10

DNA and RNA are both types of

Answer 10

Nucleic acid

Question 11

If a DNA strand read GATGGCTCA, the complimentary DNA strand would read __

Answer 11

CTACCGAGT

Question 12

This type of RNA is used in the ribosome during protein synthesis

Answer 12

rRNA

Question 13

The process of DNA making copies of itself

Answer 13

Replication

Question 14

The first phase of translation where the mRNA and first tRNA join up with the small ribosomal subunit is called _____

Answer 14

Initiation

Question 15

DNA is found in the _____ of eukaryotic cells

Answer 15

Nucleus

Question 16

Many ribosomes can be translating a single mRNA strand at the same time - this unit is called a

Answer 16

Polysume

Question 17

The enzyme that adds nucleotides to the growing strand during transcription

Answer 17

RNA polymerase

Question 18

A nitrogenous base with a double rind structure

Answer 18

Purine

Question 19

Protein that associate with DNA to form chromosomes

Answer 19

Histones

Question 20

The enzyme that “unzips “the DNA strand during replication

Answer 20

Helicase

Question 21

A DNA subunit made up of three components

Answer 21

Nucleotide

Question 22

The three letter sequence on tRNA that is complimentary to an mRNA codon

Answer 22

Anticodon

Question 23

This type of RNA delivers amino acids to the ribosomes

Answer 23

tRNA

Question 24

Chromosomal _____ occur when entire portions of chromosomes are removed

Answer 24

deletions

Question 25

A change to the base - pair sequence of a DNA molecule

Answer 25

Mutation

Question 26

A chromosomal mutation where a piece of chromosome is “flipped”

Answer 26

Insulin

Question 27

Protein are made up of chains of ______ strung together

Answer 27

Amino acids

Question 28

This type of RNA brings the instructions from the DNA molecule to the ribosomes

Answer 28

mRNA

Question 29

DNA is made up of many repeating subunits and is therefore referred to as being a _______

Answer 29

Polymer

Question 30

Replication of the DMA molecule is considered to be a ______ process because each daughter strand contains half “old DNA” and “new DNA

Answer 30

Semi conservative

Question 31

The reading of an mRNA strand by a ribosome to make a protein is called _______

Answer 31

Translation

Question 32

UV light and X rays are example of _______ mutagens

Answer 32

Radiation

Question 33

A _______ mutation affects only one gene

Answer 33

Gene

Question 34

HPV is an example of a ______ mutagen

Answer 34

Viral

Question 35

A gene mutation where a nucleotide is inserted into a gene

Answer 35

Addition

Question 36

A chromosomal mutation where a piece of one chromosome is transferred to another chromosome

Answer 36

Translocation

Question 37

RNA contains one nitrogenous base not found in DNA called

Answer 37

Uracil

Question 38

A nitrogenous base with a single ring structure

Answer 38

Pyramidine

Question 39

Completed proteins are sent to the ______ for final processing and packaging

Answer 39

Golgi apparatus

Question 40

Benzene and dioxins are examples of _________ mutagens

Answer 40

Chemical

Question 41

A chromosomal mutation where a portion of a chromosome repeats itself

Answer 41

Duplication

Question 42

A mutagen that causes cancer is called a

Answer 42

Carcinogen

Question 43

_______ mutations occur in the gametes or early on in embryological development

Answer 43

Germinal

Question 44

________ bonds form between adjoining amino acids

Answer 44

Peptide

Question 45

The number of Purine bases will always equal the number of pyramidine bases according to __________’s rule

Answer 45

Chargaff

Question 46

_______ base pairing means that only A will pair with T and only G will pair with C

Answer 46

Complimentary

Question 47

The amino acid chain is released from the ribosome when a stop codon signals for a _________ _______ where all codons downstream of the mutation are altered

Answer 47

Release factor

Question 48

A small, circular piece of DNA that can be used to transfer DNA from one species to another species

Answer 48

Plasmid

Question 49

A ______ mutation affects many genes because large portions of chromosomes are altered

Answer 49

Chromosomes

Question 50

Addition and deletion mutation can cause devastating effects because they cause a ______ ______ where all codons downstream of the mutation are altered

Answer 50

Frame shift

Question 51

The enzyme that adds new DNA nucleotides to the growing strand during replication

Answer 51

DNA polymerase

Question 52

The second phase of translation where the amino acid chain grows is called

Answer 52

Elongation

Question 53

If the DNA strand read GATCCTAA the mRNA strand transcribed from it would read ______

Answer 53

CUAGGAUU

Question 54

Strong _____ bonds form between the sugar and phosphates to form the backbone of the molecule

Answer 54

Covalent

Question 55

The three letter sequence on mRNA that codes for an amino acid

Answer 55

Codon

Question 56

________ mutations occur in cells after birth

Answer 56

Somatic

Question 57

During transcription, the _____ strand of the DNA molecule is used to code for the mRNA molecule

Answer 57

Sense