Protein Synthesis (Aka gene expression)

Question 1

Transcription

Answer 1

DNA to mRNA in nucleus, Helicase unwinds the DNA, RNA polymerase binds to promoter (region before gene) on DNA, reads DNA and brings complementary RNA nucleotides

Question 2

Translation

Answer 2

mRNA to Protein, mRNA leaves nucleus to ribosome, tRNA brings amino acid to ribosome

Question 3

Types of RNA

Answer 3

mRNA - Messanger, tRNA - Transfer, rRNA - Ribosomal

Question 4

mRNA codon

Answer 4

set of 3 mRNA nucleotide pairs with
complementary tRNA anti-codon

Question 5

Post- Transcriptional modifications

Answer 5

Introns: do not code for protein so spliced (removed)
Exons: region on mRNA leaves nucleus & codes for
protein

Question 6

Frameshift mutation

Answer 6

Permanent changes in DNA which effects protein, Deletion: loss of 1 nucleotide
Insertion: extra bases added

Question 7

Point Mutation

Answer 7

Single base pair is altered, Base-pair substitution: 1 nucleotide replaced by another