protist, plant, fungi Flashcards

1
Q

Protist

A

an organism that belongs to the kingdom protista

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2
Q

Heterotroph

A

an organism deriving its nutritional requirements from complex organic substances.

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3
Q

Eukaryote

A

an organism consisting of a cell or cells in which the genetic material is DNA in the form of chromosomes contained within a distinct nucleus. Eukaryotes include all living organisms other than the eubacteria and archaebacteria.

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4
Q

Decomposer

A

an organism, especially a soil bacterium, fungus, or invertebrate, that decomposes organic material.

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5
Q

Parasite

A

an organism that lives in or on another organism (its host) and benefits by deriving nutrients at the host’s expense.

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6
Q

Host

A

an animal or plant on or in which a parasite or commensal organism lives.

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7
Q

Fungi

A

any of a group of unicellular, multicellular, or syncytial spore-producing organisms feeding on organic matter, including molds, yeast, mushrooms, and toadstools.

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8
Q

Spore

A

a minute, typically one-celled, reproductive unit capable of giving rise to a new individual without sexual fusion, characteristic of lower plants, fungi, and protozoans.

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9
Q

Lichen

A

a simple slow-growing plant that typically forms a low crustlike, leaflike, or branching growth on rocks, walls, and trees.

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10
Q

Nonvascular plant

A

a vascular system (xylem and phloem). Although non-vascular plants lack these particular tissues, many possess simpler tissues that are specialized for internal transport of water. Non-vascular plants do not have a wide variety of specialized tissue types

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11
Q

Vascular plant

A

form a large group of plants that are defined as those land plants that have lignified tissues for conducting water and minerals throughout the plant

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12
Q

Gymnosperm

A

a group of seed-producing plants that includes conifers, cycads, Ginkgo, and Gnetales

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13
Q

Angiosperm

A

are the most diverse group of land plants, with about 350,000 species.

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14
Q

Cellular respiration

A

the set of metabolic reactions and processes that take place in the cells of organisms to convert biochemical energy from nutrients into adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and then release waste products.

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15
Q

Transpiration

A

the process of water movement through a plant and its evaporation from aerial parts, such as leaves, stems and flowers. Water is necessary for plants but only a small amount of water taken up by the roots is used for growth and metabolism.

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16
Q

Tropism

A

the turning of all or part of an organism in a particular direction in response to an external stimulus.

17
Q

Gravitropism

A

a turning or growth movement by a plant or fungus in response to gravity. It is a general feature of all higher and many lower plants as well as other organisms.

18
Q

Phototropism

A

the orientation of a plant or other organism in response to light, either toward the source of light ( positive phototropism ) or away from it

19
Q

Asexual Reproduction

A

a type of reproduction by which offspring arise from a single organism, and inherit the genes of that parent only; it does not involve the fusion of gametes and almost never changes the number of chromosomes.

20
Q

Toxoplasmosis

A

a disease caused by toxoplasmas, transmitted chiefly through undercooked meat, or in soil or cat feces. Symptoms generally pass unremarked in adults, but infection can be dangerous to unborn children.

21
Q

Malaria

A

an intermittent and remittent fever caused by a protozoan parasite that invades the red blood cells. The parasite is transmitted by mosquitoes in many tropical and subtropical regions.

22
Q

Giardia

A

an intestinal infection marked by abdominal cramps, bloating, nausea and bouts of watery diarrhea