protist, plant, fungi Flashcards
(23 cards)
protist
A protist is any eukaryotic organism that is not an animal, plant or fungus.
heterotroph
an organism deriving its nutritional requirements from complex organic substances.
eukaryote
organisms whose cells have a nucleus enclosed within membranes, unlike prokaryotes.
decomposer
organisms that break down dead or decaying organisms, and in doing so, they carry out the natural process of decomposition.
parasite
an organism that lives in or on an organism of another species and benefits by deriving nutrients at the other’s expense.
host
an animal or plant on or in which a parasite or commensal organism lives.
fungi
any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms.
spore
a minute, typically one-celled, reproductive unit capable of giving rise to a new individual without sexual fusion, characteristic of lower plants, fungi, and protozoans.
lichen
a simple slow-growing plant that typically forms a low crusty, leaflike, or branching growth on rocks, walls, and trees.
nonvascular plant
Non-vascular plants are plants without a vascular system consisting of xylem and phloem.
vascular plant
a plant that is characterized by the presence of conducting tissue.
gymnosperm
a group of seed-producing plants that includes conifers, cycads, Ginkgo, and gnetophytes.
angiosperm
a plant that has flowers and produces seeds enclosed within a carpel.
photosynthesis
the process by which green plants and some other organisms use sunlight to synthesize foods from carbon dioxide and water.
cellular respiration
a set of metabolic reactions and processes that take place in the cells of organisms to convert biochemical energy from nutrients into adenosine triphosphate, and then release waste products.
transpiration
the process of water movement through a plant and its evaporation from aerial parts, such as leaves, stems and flowers.
tropism
the turning of all or part of an organism in a particular direction in response to an external stimulus.
Gravitropism
a coordinated process of differential growth by a plant or fungus in response to gravity pulling on it.
Phototropism
the growth of an organism which responds to a light stimulus. It is most often observed in plants, but can also occur in other organisms such as fungi.
asexual reproduction
a type of reproduction by which offspring arise from a single organism, and inherit the genes of that parent only.
Toxoplasmosis
A disease that results from infection with the Toxoplasma gondii parasite.
malaria
A disease caused by a plasmodium parasite, transmitted by the bite of infected mosquitoes.
giardia
An intestinal infection caused by a giardia parasite.
