Proton Pump inhibitors

Question 1

Treatment of PUD

Answer 1

Treatment of H. pylori
Suppression of acid secretion
Protective agents

Question 2

Suppression of acid secretion is done by

Answer 2

Histamine H2-antagonists
Proton pump inhibitors
Antacids

Question 3

How to diagnose H. pylori

Answer 3

By endoscopy

Question 4

First line treatment of H. pylori

Answer 4

Clarithromycin triple

Bismuth quadruple

Question 5

Second line treatment of H. pylori

Answer 5

Levofloxacin triple

Question 6

Example of histamine H2-antagonists

Answer 6

Cimetidine

Ranitidine (zantac)

Question 7

Adverse effects of histamine H2-antagonists

Answer 7

Diarrhea
Headache
Fatigue
Myalgias
Constipation

Question 8

Adverse effects of cimetidine

Answer 8

Inhibits androgens
Increases prolactin
Gynecomastia
Galactorrhea 
Impotence

Question 9

Examples of PPIs

Answer 9

Omeprazole

Pantoprazole

Question 10

Action of PPIs

Answer 10

Irreversibly inhibits H/K-ATPase

Question 11

Site of activation of PPIs

Answer 11

Partial cells

Question 12

Adverse effects of long term use of PPIs

Answer 12

Elevation of gastric pH
Increase risk of hip, wrist, spine fractures
Increase risk of respiratory infections and enteric infections
Increase serum gastrin

Question 13

Elevated gastric pH can lead to

Answer 13

Incomplete absorption of
Iron
Calcium carbonate
Vitamin B12

Question 14

Infections due to prolonged use of PPIs are mainly by this organism

Answer 14

Clostridium diffcile

Question 15

Increased serum gastrin lead to

Answer 15

ECL hyperplasia

Question 16

function of antacids

Answer 16

Chemically neutralize HCL

Question 17

Examples of antacids

Answer 17

Aluminum salts
Magnesium salts
Sodium carbonate
Calcium salts

Question 18

Uses of antacids

Answer 18

Dyspepsia
GERD
Peptic ulcer

Question 19

Which types of antacids can cause kidney stones

Answer 19

Calcium salts

Magnesium salts

Question 20

Action of prostaglandins E2 and I1 on gastric mucosa and acids

Answer 20

Inhibits acids
Stimulate mucus secretion
Stimulate bicarbonate secretion
Dilated mucosal blood vessels

Question 21

About using antacids with other drugs

Answer 21

Antacids interact with several drugs

Used alone

Question 22

Examples of Protective agents PUD

Answer 22

Sucralfate
Misopristol
Bismuth

Question 23

Mechanism of sucralfate

Answer 23

From a gel complex with proteins

Question 24

Mechanism of action of misoprostol

Answer 24

It’s a PGE1 analogue