Protozoa Flashcards
Giardia intestinalis
host?
site?
buzz words?
“Beaver fever”
dog, cat, cattle, humans –> “assemblage specific”
A: beavers, guinea pigs, slow loris *ZOONOTIC
B: slow loris, siamangs *ZOONOTIC
E: cattle, hoofed animals
SI (trophozoite)
fecal float with zinc sulfate; overall asymptomatic
Spironucleus (Hexamita)
host?
site?
buzz words?
Fowl (NOT CHICKENS)
LI
dehydration, emaciation, CONVULSIONS FROM HYPOGLYCEMIA
Tritrichomonas foetus (in cattle)
host?
site?
buzz words?
“Cattle STI”
cattle
genital tracts: uterus/vagina, prepuce
bulls are carriers; cull the bull, rest the cow; EARLY TERM ABORTION; self- cure; REPORTABLE
Tritrichomonas foetus (in cats)
host?
site?
buzz words?
cats
distal ileum, colon
fecal-oral route; normal appetite; pure breed/old/young at risk
Trichomonas
host?
site?
buzz words?
“Canker (pigeons)/ Frounce (raptors)”
fowl
oral-nasal cavity, upper GI
modes of infect 1. pigeon milk 2. drinking water 3. raptor feed on prey bird
yellow cankers in mouth; DON’T FEED HEADS/CROPS TO RAPTORS
Histomomas
host?
site?
buzz words?
“Blackhead”
turkeys
cecum and liver
HETERAKIS IS VECTOR (trophozoites of Histo in eggs of Heter); no turkeys on ground of chickens for 2+ yrs
Trypanosoma cruzi
host?
site?
buzz words?
"Chagas disease" "take a tryp to chagas (vegas)" dogs, cats, humans *ZOONOTIC --> ASSASSIN/ KISSING BUG VECTOR bug bites, creating a wound, defecates in wound transmitting T. cruz; blood smear; xenodiagnosis; heart disease in dogs
Leishmania spp
host?
site?
buzz words?
“kala-azar (visceral)/ oriental sore (cutaneous)”
dogs, humans
where macrophages grow: skin, liver, spleen
SAND FLY VECTOR; ulcers, cachexia
Isospora canis
host?
site?
buzz words?
Coccidia
FH: dogs, PH: rodents
SI
coccidiosis in young, coccidiasis in adults; SEVERE DIARRHEA
Isospora suis
host?
site?
buzz words?
Coccidia
pigs
SI
1-2w piglets affected; HIGH morbidity, LOW mortality; yellow/fluid diarrhea
Eimeria of swine
host?
site?
buzz words?
pigs
SI
immunity; avoid overcrowding
diarrhea
Eimeria bovis
host?
site?
buzz words?
cattle LI ovoid, micropyle present coccidiosis: preventable; coccidiasis: inevitable diarrhea
Eimeria zuernii
host?
site?
buzz words?
cattle SI + LI spherical, micropyle absent coccidiosis: preventable; coccidiasis: inevitable diarrhea
Eimeria of sheep/ goats
host?
site?
buzz words?
same as cattle
SI + LI
diarrhea
Eimeria leukarti
host?
site?
buzz words?
equine
SI
intermittent diarrhea in foals; difficult to float oocysts
Eimeria tenella
host?
site?
buzz words?
chickens
cecum
most path of avian Eimeria; HIGH morbid, HIGH mortal in young birds
bloody diarrhea; birds huddle; ruffled feathers
Eimeria necatrix
host?
site?
buzz words?
chickens
SI
bloody poo; dehydration
Eimeria brunetti
host?
site?
buzz words?
chickens
ileum, cecum, rectum
Toxoplasma gondii
host?
site?
buzz words?
FH: cats, IH: humans, warm blooded animals (rodents, birds) *ZOONOTIC
cat infection: eating infected IH
human infection: foodborne (meat/vegs), water, blood/organ, transplacental
intestinal and extraintestinal tissues
CATS IMMUNE after 1st infection, shed once in lifetime
abortion in sheep/goats
Sarcocystis spp
host?
site?
buzz words?
FH: cats, dogs, humans IH: cattle, herbivores
“predator - prey cycle”
IH: in muscle, FH: in GI
LATE TERM ABORTION IN COWS
Sarcocystis neurona
host?
site?
buzz words?
“Equine Protozoal Myeloencephalitis (EPM)”
FH: opossum, IH: cats, AH: horses
in horses, schizonts develop in CNS
seizures, lameness, paresis; western blot on CSF; opossum control
Neospora spp.
host?
site?
buzz words?
FH: dogs, IH: dogs, ruminants, horses
transplacental in dogs, cattle
FH: GI, IH: CNS
MIDTERM ABORTION IN COWS; encephalitis most common
Cryptosporidium
host?
site?
buzz words?
"Crypto" cattle, humans GI, respiratory tract autoinfection: ingestion, inhalation acid fast stains: Ziehl-Neelsen = red; NO Tx KNOWN
Hepatozoon spp.
host?
site?
buzz words?
“Dog-eat-tick”
DH: Amblyomma maculatum, IH: dog (H.americanum) cat
gamonts in blood, other tissues/muscle
