PSA Mnemonics

Question 1

Enzyme Inducers:
PC BRAS

Answer 1

P henytoin,
C arbamazepine ,
B arbiturates,
R ifampicin,
A lcohol (chronic excess),
S ulphonylureas

Question 2

Enzyme Inhibitors:
AODEVICES:

Answer 2

A llopurinol,
O meprazole,
D isulfiram,
E rythromycin,
V alproate,
I soniazid,
C iprofloxacin,
E thanol (acute intoxication),
S ulphonamides

Question 3

What are the effects of enzyme inducers on cytochrome P450?

Answer 3

An enzyme inducer will increase P450 enzyme activity

Question 4

Drugs to stop before surgery:
I LACK OP

Answer 4

I nsulin,

L ithium,
A nticoagulants/antiplatelets,
C OCP/HRT,
K -sparing diuretics,

O ral hypoglycaemics,
P erindopril and
other ACE-inhibitors.

Question 5

Safety considerations for NSAIDs:
NSAID

Answer 5

N o urine (i.e. renal failure),
S ystolic dysfunction (i.e. heart failure),
A sthma,
I ndigestion (any cause), and
D yscrasia (clotting abnormality).

Question 6

The side effects of steroids:
STEROIDS

Answer 6

S tomach ulcers,
T hin skin,
o E dema,
R ight and left heart failure,
O steoporosis,
I nfection (including Candida ),
D iabetes (commonly causes hyperglycaemia and uncommonly progresses to diabetes),
Cushing’s S yndrome.

Answer 7

P atient details
Re action (i.e. allergy plus the reaction)
S ign the front of the chart
check for C ontraindications to each drug
check R oute for each drug
prescribe I ntravenous fluids if needed
prescribe B lood clot prophylaxis if needed
prescribe anti E metic if needed and
prescribe pain R elief if needed.