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PSC1002-Physiology > PSC1002/L17 Transport of Gases in Blood > Flashcards

PSC1002/L17 Transport of Gases in Blood Flashcards

1
Q

How is oxygen transported in blood?

A

Bound to haemoglobin

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2
Q

What is the solubility of oxygen in plasma?

A

very low

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3
Q

At what PO2 is haemoglobin fully saturated?

A

100mmHg

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4
Q

At rest, what is the PO2 of arterial blood and tissue level?

A

Blood - 100mmHg
Tissue - 40mmHg

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5
Q

During exercise, what is the PO2 of arterial blood and tissue?

A

Blood - 100mmHg
Tissue - 15-40mmHg

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6
Q

What effect does CO2 have on the oxygen saturation curve? (2)

A

Shifts to right
Reduced affinity for O2

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7
Q

What effect does increased pH have on the oxygen saturation curve? (2)

A

Shift to left
Increased affinity for oxygen

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8
Q

Why does an increase in pH increase oxygen affinity? (2)

A

Decreased H+ bound to Hb
More O2 can bind to Hb

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9
Q

Describe the Bohr effect.

A

The reduction in oxygen affinity of haemoglobin when pH is low and increase in oxygen affinity when pH is high

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10
Q

What conformation of Hb does H+ binding favour?

A

T (tense) form

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11
Q

What effect does increased temperature have on the oxygen saturation curve? (2)

A

Shift to right
Reduced affinity for oxygen

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12
Q

Where is 2,3-BPG produced and what does it do? (3)

A

In erythrocytes
Interacts with B-chains of Hb
Improves O2 delivery to tissue which may otherwise be hypoxic

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13
Q

Give 3 conditions in which 2,3-BPG production is increased.

A

Chronic lung disease
Anaemia
Congestive heart failure
Lower atmospheric PO2 (altitude)

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14
Q

What is foetal haemoglobin composed of?

A

2a and 2y chains

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15
Q

What is the relative affinity of foetal Hb for oxygen? (2)

A

Stronger affinity than normal Hb
Foetal Hb takes up oxygen at PO2 values at which maternal Hb is releasing it

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16
Q

Give a pneumonic to remember the conditions which shift the oxygen saturation curve.

A

CADET
Carbon dioxide
Acid
Diphosphoglycerate
Exercise
Temperature

17
Q

How is carbon dioxide transported in the blood? (2)

A

Bound to haemoglobin
As carbonic acid (70%)

18
Q

What enzyme converts carbon dioxide into carbonic acid?

A

Carbonic anhydrase

19
Q

What conformation does carbon dioxide binding promote in Hb?

A

Tense (T)

20
Q

What is the name given to Hb bound to CO2?

A

Carbaminohaemoglobin

21
Q

What is the relative affinity of carbon monoxide for Hb?

A

200x more than O2

22
Q

What 2 effects does carbon monoxide binding to Hb have?

A

Limits O2 that Hb can carry - plateau of curve
Shifts Hb to relaxed conformation - shifts curve to left

23
Q

Give a treatment oxygen for carbon monoxide poisoning.

A

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy

24
Q

What effect does nitric oxide binding to Hb have? (3)

A

Ends NO reactivity
Opens blood vessels to allow RBC passage
Shifts curve to left

PSC1002-Physiology (29 decks)

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