PSYC 110 Final Flashcards
(35 cards)
Sound
periodic compressions of air, water, or other media
frequency
related to pitch
amplitude
related to loudness
outer ear
pinna, auditory meatus; sound collection and amplification
middle ear
ossicles; impedance matching between air (outside) and liquid (inner ear)
inner ear
cochlea, round and oval windows
How auditory system represents sound
Frequency (pitch)
Intensity (loudness)
Sound location
Place coding
specific frequencies represented on specific locations of cochlea
Receptive Field (sound)
the range of frequencies to which the neuron responds to
tonotopy
the basic organizationof the auditory systems
Hierarchical processing
lower levels of the sensory system are sensitive to low-level cues and higher levels are sensitive to more “object”-like cues
AAF
auditory pattern discrimination (WHAT)
PAF
auditory sound localization (WHERE)
Cutaneous senses
pressure, vibration, heating, cooling, tissue damage
proprioception
perception of body position and posture
receptive field (touch)
the locations on the skin to which a somatosensory neuron responds to
mechanoreceptors
neurons that convert stimuli into receptor potentials
Ruffini corpuscles
vibration sensitive, large receptive fields, slow adapting; useful in determining grip on objects
Pacinian corpuscles
detects mechanical stimuli, especially vibrations, large receptive fields, fast adapting
Meissner’s corpuscles
touch sensitive, small receptive fields, fast adapting; concentrated in highly sensitive areas (lips, fingertips, genitals)
Merkel’s disks
touch sensitive, small receptive fields, slow adapting
A-delta fibers
thinly myelinated, acute “good” pain (sharp objects), releases glutamate
C-fibers
unmyelinated, dull “bad” pain (tissue damage), release Substance P
Heat and Cold receptors (hottest to coldest)
TRPV2, TRPV1, TRPV3, TRPV4, TRPM8, TRPA1