Psyc exam 1

Question 1

Females tend to outlive males

Answer 1

T

Question 2

C>B

Answer 2

bad

Question 3

C<B

Answer 3

good

Question 4

3 processes involved in development

Answer 4

biological, cognitive, and socioemotional

Question 5

death of an infant before first birthday

Answer 5

infant mortality

Question 6

development is-

Answer 6

lifelong, multidimensional, multidirectional, plastic, multidisciplinary, contextual, involves growth, maintenance, and regulation of loss.

Question 7

Oral stage, anal stage, phallic stage, latency stage, genital stage

Answer 7

Freudian stages (five)

Question 8

Trust vs mistrust, autonomy vs shame and doubt, initiative vs guilt, industry vs inferiority, identity vs identity confusion, identity vs isolation, generatively vs stagnation, integrity vs despair.

Answer 8

Erikson stages (eight)

Question 9

Sensorimotor stage, preoperational stage, concrete operational stage, formal operant stage.

Answer 9

Piaget stages (four)

Question 10

heredity and environment impact each other.

Answer 10

epigenetic view

Question 11

Longest stage, uterine contractions dilate the cervix

Answer 11

First stage

Question 12

baby’s head starts to move through the birth canal from maternal pushing efforts, ends when the baby completely emerges from the mother’s body

Answer 12

Second stage

Question 13

Placenta detaches and is expelled

Answer 13

Third stage

Question 14

correlations and causations range

Answer 14

-1.0 - +1.0

Question 15

substance that interferes with normal fetal development and causes cognitive disabilities

Answer 15

teratogen

Question 16

Condition in which fetus/newborn has insufficient supply of oxygen

Answer 16

anoxia

Question 17

Brain development slows tremendously after which year of birth.

Answer 17

2nd

Question 18

Included cerebral cortex and several structures beneath it, interprets info and makes decisions

Answer 18

forebrain

Question 19

covers forebrain like a wrinkled cap, controls many of the brain’s essential functions

Answer 19

Cerebral cortex

Question 20

Controls voluntary movement, expressive language, and manages higher level executive functions

Answer 20

frontal lobe

Question 21

manages emotions, processes information from senses, storing and retrieving memories, and understanding language.

Answer 21

temporal lobe

Question 22

processes sensory info and spacial cognition

Answer 22

parietal lobe

Question 23

processes visual info

Answer 23

occipital lobe

Question 24

specialization of function in one hemisphere or the other part of the brain; brain begins to specialize at birth.

Answer 24

lateralization

Question 25

creativity intuition, holistic thinking

Answer 25

right hemisphere

Question 26

logic, thinking, processing

Answer 26

left hemisphere

Question 27

how many tiny gaps there are between the brain; peak greatly at birth, then slowly decreases.

Answer 27

Synaptic density

Question 28

mood disorder after childbirth

Answer 28

post-partum depression

Question 29

involved in grasping, object manipulation, drawing

Answer 29

fine motor skills

Question 30

independent sitting, crawling, walking, or running

Answer 30

gross motor skills.

Question 31

birth to 15 months old

Answer 31

critical periods

Question 32

birth-2 years; infants construct an understanding of the world by coordinating sensory experiences with physical and motor actions.

Answer 32

sensorimotor stage

Question 33

understanding that objects continue to exist even when they cannot be seen, heard, or touched.

Answer 33

Object permanence

Question 34

Given 1 minute and 5 minutes after birth- want a score of 7 or higher, checks baby's heart rate, muscle tone, and other signs

Answer 34

Apgar

Question 35

Given much later after baby is born, very detailed, reveals infants individuality, attentional and neonatal development, tests habituation, orientation, motor tone and activity range of stage, regulation of state, autonomic stability, reflexes.

Answer 35

brazelton

Question 36

Occurs when the infants cheese is stroked or side of mouth is touched; infant turns head in an effort to find something to suck.

Answer 36

Rooting reflex

Question 37

Occurs when newborns automatically suck an object placed in mouth.

Answer 37

Sucking reflex

Question 38

Startles in response to a sudden, intense noise or movement

Answer 38

Moro reflex

Question 39

occurs when something touches the infants palms, responds by grasping tightly

Answer 39

Grasping reflex

Question 40

"me hungry"

Answer 40

Telegraphic speech

Question 41

based on a system of symbols, consists of the words used by a community and the ruled for varying and combining them

Answer 41

language vs communication

Question 42

ability to produce an endless number of meaningful sentences using a finite set or words and rules

Answer 42

infinite generatively

Question 43

mind- 4 minutes, touch- 32 weeks, movement- 14 weeks, tasting- 14 weeks, smelling- between 11-15 weeks, hearing/reactive listening- 16 weeks, vision- normal by 12 months.

Answer 43

senses before birth

Question 44

sleep less across lifespan

Answer 44

T

Question 45

surprise, interest, joy, anger, sadness, fear, disgust.

Answer 45

Months 0-6

Question 46

jealousy, empathy, embarrassment, pride, shame, guilt.

Answer 46

self- conscious emotions develop later

Question 47

Observational measure of infant attachment, infant move through a series of introduction and separations, provides information about infant's motivation to be near caregiver and degree to which caregivers presence provides security

Answer 47

Ainsworth/bowlby: Strange Situation

Question 48

How quickly emotion is shown, how strong it is, how long it lasts, how quickly it fades.

Answer 48

temperament

Question 49

Contant comfort/infantcide/surrogate mother; bonding and attachment. Infant will choose comfort and security over food.

Answer 49

Harlow and monkeys

Question 50

very short, voracious appetite, and delay in sexual maturation. Occurs greater in children who have experienced emotional and psychological deprivation.

Answer 50

Deprivation Dwarfism (genie)

Question 51

Believe that inanimate objects have lifelike qualities and are capable of action. (sun sets and "sleeps in bed")

Answer 51

animism

Question 52

inability to retrieve memories from a very young age

Answer 52

infantile amnesia

Question 53

altering a substance's appearance does not change its basic properties.

Answer 53

conservation of mass, volume (Piaget)

Question 54

Body growth and change, the brain, gross motor skills, fine motor skills, overweight, malnutrition

Answer 54

Physical changes as we develop

Question 55

Age 0-2; infants can recognize/respond appropriately to other emotions and distinguish familiar from unfamiliar people.

Answer 55

When the self emerges; self recognition

Question 56

Play allows children to work off frustrations and to analyze other child's conflicts and ways of coping with them. Satisfies exploratory drive. Provides important context for the development of language and communication skills.

Answer 56

Play's impact

Question 57

Demanding and responsive

Answer 57

Authoritative

Question 58

Demanding and unresponsive

Answer 58

Authoritarian

Question 59

undemanding and responsive

Answer 59

permissive

Question 60

Uninvolved and absent

Answer 60

neglectful

Question 61

psychosocial theory

Answer 61

Erickson

Question 62

Proximal zone- emphasizes how culture and social interaction guide cognitive development

Answer 62

Vygotsky