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Phase 3a medicine > Psych > Flashcards

Psych Flashcards

1
Q

What are the classic symptoms of autism?

A

Triad:

  1. communication impairment
  2. impairment of social relationships
  3. ritualistic behaviour
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2
Q

Give 5 examples of positive symptoms

A
  • hallucinations
  • delusions
  • passivity phenomena
  • disturbance in mood
  • thought alienation
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3
Q

Give 6

examples of negative symptoms

A
  • blunting of affect
  • amotivation
  • poverty of speech
  • poverty of thought
  • poor non-verbal communication
  • self- neglect
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4
Q

What are the first rank symptoms of schizophrenia?

A
  1. Thought alienation
  2. Passivity phenomena
  3. 3rd person auditory hallucinations
  4. Delusional perception
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5
Q

What is thought alienation? Give examples

A

Symptom of psychosis

  • patients feel thoughts aren’t their own
    e. g. thought insertion, thought withdrawal, thought broadcast
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6
Q

What is passivity phenomena?

A

Feel like their actions are controlled by someone else

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7
Q

What are 3rd person auditory hallucinations?

A

Hearing voices that appear to be talking about you.

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8
Q

What is delusional perception?

A

Believing that a normal percept (product of perception) has special meaning for you

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9
Q

Give 5 examples of secondary symptoms of schizophrenia

A
  1. delusions
  2. 2nd person auditory hallucinations
  3. hallucinations in any other modality
  4. thought disorder
  5. catatonic behaviour
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10
Q

What are the 3 core symptoms of depression?

A
  1. low mood
  2. low energy (anergia)
  3. loss of pleasure (anhedonia)
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11
Q

Give 5 biological symptoms of depression

A
  1. early morning wakening
  2. change in appetite
  3. loss of libido
  4. diurnal mood variation
  5. agitation
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12
Q

Give 5 cognitive symptoms of depression

A
  1. loss of confidence
  2. concentration
  3. guilt
  4. hopelessness
  5. suicidal ideation
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13
Q

Give an example of 3 atypical antipsychotics and their mechanism

A

Olanzapine
Risperidone
Aripiprazole
- dopamine antagonist AND act on seretonin receptors

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14
Q

What are 4 side effects of typical antipsychotics?

A
  1. extrapyramidal symptoms
  2. prolonged QT interval
  3. galactorrhea
  4. impaired glucose tolerance (weight gain)
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15
Q

Give 4 examples of extrapyramidal symptoms

A
  • dystonia
  • akathisia
  • tardive dyskinesia
  • parkinsons like symptoms
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16
Q

What are the dangerous side effects of clozapine?

A

agranulocytosis

neutropenia

17
Q

What are 3 features of Korsakoff’s syndrome?

A
  1. anterograde amnesia
  2. retrograde amnesia
  3. confabulation
18
Q

What are 3 features of Wernicke’s encephalopathy?

A
  1. ataxia
  2. ophthalmoplegia
  3. confusion
19
Q

What is the mechanism underlying Korsakoff’s syndrome?

A

Thiamine deficiency causing damage to mammillary bodies of hypothalamus (often from untreated wernicke’s encephalopathy)

20
Q

What electrolyte imbalance is most commonly associated with bulimia nervosa?

A
  • metabolic alkalosis
  • hypOkalaemia
  • hypOchloraemia
21
Q

What is the most appropriate management of OCD?

A

Exposure and Response Prevention (ERP)

then consider SSRIs

22
Q

When is the peak incidence of delirium tremens and give 4 key symptoms

A

48-72 hours

  1. coarse tremor
  2. fever
  3. auditory/visual hallucinations
  4. tachycardia
23
Q

How do you manage alcohol withdrawal? (pharmacology)

A
  1. long acting benzodiazepines (lorazepam)

2. carbamazepine

24
Q

What are 3 common features of PTSD?

A
  1. re-experiencing (flashbacks/nightmares)
  2. avoidance
  3. hyperarousal
25
Q

How are the two types of bipolar disorder distinguished?

A

Type 1 = mania and depression

Type 2 = hypomania and depression

26
Q

When does bipolar disorder typically present?

A

Late teens

27
Q

What is the key distinguishing feature between mania and hypomania?

A

Mania has psychotic symptoms

28
Q

Give 4 features of mania/hypomania

A
  1. pressured speech
  2. non-reactive affect
  3. reduced sleep
  4. increased energy
29
Q

What are the key features of lewy body dementia? (3)

A
  1. Fluctuating confusion
  2. visual hallucinations
  3. parkinsonism

Phase 3a medicine (6 decks)

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