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Psych 107 > Psych 107 Exam 2 > Flashcards

Psych 107 Exam 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Cell Division

A

Germinal (0-2 weeks)

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2
Q

Eyes, heart, arms, legs, intestines, placenta

A

Embryonic-(3-8 weeks)

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3
Q

Hears sounds, sleep patterns in the womb

A

5 months

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4
Q

Eyes and eyelids form, grasping reflex

A

6 months

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5
Q

Slowed growth in the womb

A

7 months

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6
Q

Senses functioning in the womb

A

8 months

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7
Q

Teratogens

A

Agent that damages fetus

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8
Q

Increase in dendrites Neurons become connected Myelinated axons Synaptic connections between neurons

A

Blooming

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9
Q

Frontal Lobe development

A

3-6 years

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10
Q

Brain achieves 95% adult size

A

10 years old

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11
Q

cognitive milestones, children actively construct their world through schemas

A

Jean Piaget

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12
Q

incorporate new information into existing knowledge

A

assimilation

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13
Q

adjust schema to new information

A

Accommodation

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14
Q

sensorimotor, Preoperational, Concrete operational, Formal operational

A

4 stages of cognitive development

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15
Q

Experience world through senses and actions Object permanence

A

sensorimotor

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16
Q

Understand that objects exist without being able to see or feel it

A

Object permanence(5-8) months

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17
Q

Represent things with symbols, Cannot perform operations, Lack of conservation, Egocentrism

A

Preoperational stage(2-7 years)

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18
Q

Permanence of attributes despite physical change

A

Lack of conservation

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19
Q

Inability to distinguish between their perspective and other perspectives

A

Egocentrism

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20
Q

Perform operations, Develop conservations skills, Use logical reasoning in concrete situations, Classification skills increase, Focus on more than one aspect of a problem

A

Concrete operational(7-11 years)

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21
Q

Thinking more idealistic, abstract, logical
Use Hypothetical deductive reasoning

A

Formal operational(12+)

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22
Q

Erik Erickson

A

Socioemotional

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23
Q

Trust vs mistrust, Autonomy vs shame and doubt, Initiative vs guilt, Industry vs inferiority

A

childhood psychosocial stages

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24
Q

Develop sense of basic trust(0-1.5 years)

A

Trust vs mistrust

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25
Q

Develop independence and self confidence(1.5-3 years)

A

Autonomy vs shame and doubt

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26
Q

Develop initiative, more responsibility
(3-5 years)

A

initiative vs guilt

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27
Q

mastering knowledge and intellectual skills(6 years to puberty)

A

industry vs inferiority

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28
Q

close emotional bond between infant and caregiver

A

attachment

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29
Q

contact comfort, need comfort as well as food

A

Henry Harlow

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30
Q

attachment theory, instincts form lifelong bond with mother

A

John Bowlby

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31
Q

“strange situation” types of attachment

A

Mary Ainsworth

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32
Q

imprinting, sensitive period

A

Konrad Lorenze

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33
Q

authoritative, authoritarian, reject/neglect, indulgent

A

Baumrind’s parenting styles

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34
Q

high control, high warmth

A

Authoritative

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35
Q

high control, low warmth

A

Authoritarian

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36
Q

low control, low warmth

A

reject/neglect

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37
Q

high warmth, low control

A

indulgent

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38
Q

puberty, cognitive development, psychosocial development, emerging adulthood

A

adolescence

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39
Q

Piaget’s formal operational stage, Adolescent, Egocentrism, Everyone is preoccupied with me, I am unique, I am indestructible, Cognitive empathy

A

Cognitive development

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40
Q

Erik Erickson’s theory, Stage 5: identity vs identity confusion, Ethnic identity, Parents vs peers

A

psychosocial development

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41
Q

Transition from adolescence to adulthood, Identity exploration, Instability, Self-focused, Feeling ”in-between”, Age of possibility

A

Emerging adulthood

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42
Q

Healthiest, More bad habits(20-40)

A

Early Physical adulthood

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43
Q

Visible signs of aging, menopause(40-60)

A

Middle Physical adulthood

44
Q

Reaction time slows down, Muscle strength diminishes, Brain functioning diminishes(60+)

A

Late Physical Adulthood

45
Q

More realistic logical thinking, Long term memory declines

A

Early Cognitive adulthood

46
Q

Intellectual skills peak, Crystallized and fluid intelligence increases

A

Middle Cognitive Adulthood

47
Q

processing speed and memory declines

A

Late Cognitive adulthood

48
Q

intimacy versus isolation

A

psychosocial 20-30 years

49
Q

generativity versus stagnations

A

psychosocial 40-50 years

50
Q

desire to assist younger generation

A

generativity versus stagnation

51
Q

integrity versus despair, reflecting on life

A

psychosocial 60+

52
Q

more activity and involvement results in happier person

A

activity theory

53
Q

narrowing of social circle to increase positive emotion

A

socioemotional selectivity theory

54
Q

sensory information converted to neural impulses

A

transduction

55
Q

subliminal stimuli

A

stimuli below threshold

56
Q

minimum difference needed to detect differences between stimuli

A

difference threshold

57
Q

stimuli must differ by percentage, not set rate to detect a difference

A

Weber’s Law

58
Q

sensory that starts with sensory receptors

A

bottom up

59
Q

processing that starts in brain
ex. looking for someone

A

top down

60
Q

decreased sensitivity to stimuli because of constant exposure

A

sensory adaptation

61
Q

decision making about stimuli in presence of noise

A

signal detection theory

62
Q

white outer part of eye, helps protect eye

A

sclera

63
Q

bends and focuses light waves

A

cornea

64
Q

regulates size of pupil

A

iris

65
Q

focuses light into an image for retina, changes shape depending on distance of object

A

lens

66
Q

begins processing info(eyes)

A

retina

67
Q

small area in center of retina with best vision

A

fovea

68
Q

responsible for transduction, rods and cones

A

receptor cells

69
Q

detects black and white light, good for low light

A

rods

70
Q

detect color, requires a lot of light

A

cones

71
Q

point in brain where optic nerve fibers divide

A

optic chiasm

72
Q

order that visual information is passed after retina

A

receptor cells, bipolar cells, ganglion cells, optic nerve, optic chiasm, visual cortex

73
Q

3 types of cones that detect only red, green, blue light

A

trichromatic theory

74
Q

lens does not flatten enough

A

nearsighted

75
Q

lens does not curve enough

A

farsighted

76
Q

color is coded on opponent pairs

A

opponent process theory

77
Q

proximity, similarity, continuity, connectedness, closure, figure ground

A

gestalt principles of organization

78
Q

input from both eyes used for depth perception

A

binocular cues

79
Q

input from one eye used for depth perception

A

monocular cues

80
Q

discrepancy between reality and the pictorial representation of an object

A

visual illusion

81
Q

funnel to concentrate sound waves

A

pinna

82
Q

eardrum, auditory ossicles(hammer, anvil, stirrup)

A

middle ear

83
Q

oval window, cochlea

A

inner ear

84
Q

fluid-filled tube in the inner ear, basilar membrane

A

cochlea

85
Q

carries neural impulses from ear to brain

A

auditory nerve

86
Q

where is the auditory cortex

A

temporal lobe

87
Q

one ear used to locate sound

A

monaural cues

88
Q

both ears used to locate sound

A

binaural

89
Q

difference in intensity of sound waves between the two ears

A

interaural level distance

90
Q

small difference in time at which sound waves arrive at either ear

A

interaural timing difference

91
Q

awareness of internal and external stimuli

A

consciousness

92
Q

small structure in hypothalamus, synchronizes to 24-hour schedule

A

suprachiasmatic nucleus

93
Q

Impacts the thalamus and prefrontal cortex

A

sleep deprovation

94
Q

stages of sleep

A

stage 1, stage 2, stage 3, stage, 2, REM

95
Q

REM

A

Rapid Eye Movement

96
Q

Psychodynamic Theory(dreaming)

A

wish fulfillment, manifest content, latent content

97
Q

manifest content

A

what you see in a dream

98
Q

latent content

A

the hidden meaning of a dream

99
Q

cognitive theory(dream)

A

way to solve problems and think creatively

100
Q

Activation-synthesis hypothesis(dream)

A

Organizing random neural activity

101
Q

what stage of sleep does sleepwalking happen in

A

stage 3

102
Q

what stage of sleep does sleep talking happen in

A

stage 2

103
Q

REM sleep behavior disorder(RBD)

A

muscle paralysis does not occur

104
Q

happens in REM sleep, Peak from 3-6 years, Stress related

A

nightmares

105
Q

arousal and intense fear when sleeping, nonREM sleep, Most common in childhood, Recall little or nothing

A

night terrors

106
Q

Uncontrollable sleep attacks, Lapse immediately into REM sleep

A

narcolepsy

107
Q

Depressants, stimulants, opioids, hallucinogens

A

types of psychoactive drugs

Psych 107 (2 decks)

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