Psych Flashcards
(80 cards)
1
Q
“All emotions are, in essence, impulses to act, the instant plan for handling life that evolution has instilled in us”
popularized emotional intelligence
A
(Daniel Goleman, 1995)
2
Q
- first introduced the idea of emotional intelligence - Psychologist from Yale University, later was joined by John Mayer
A
PETER SALOVEY
3
Q
parts of the human brain primarily involved in the creation of emotions
A
AMYGDALA, the NEOCORTEX, and the FRONTAL LOBES
4
Q
Amygdala has become the center of action
A
(LeDoux, 1992)
5
Q
_____controls emotions so we can deal better and more effectively with the situation. Can take control of the amygdala
A
Pre-Frontal Cortex
Goleman, 1995
6
Q
FIVE DOMAINS OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE
MAYER & SALOVEY’S
A
- Knowing one’s emotion or self-awareness
- Managing Emotions
- Motivating oneself
- Recognizing emotions in others
- Handling Relationships
7
Q
capacity of a person to empathize is linked to the individual’s need for others to to recognize and receive their emotions and respond to them
A
ATTUNEMENT
8
Q
a leadership skill essential in mustering groups of people towards a common action.
A
Organizing groups —
9
Q
the talent to bing people in conflict to talk and come up with a solution
A
Negotiating Solutions —
10
Q
talent where empathy and connecting with another person’s emotions are manifested.
A
Personal Connection —
11
Q
step out of a situation and objectively form insights about the way people feel and behave
A
Social Analysis —
12
Q
important for people to understand especially in the realm of learning.
A
HOWARD GARDNER’S MULTIPLE INTELLIGENCES
13
Q
PAUL EKMAN’S SIX BASIC EMOTIONS
A
- Happy
- Sad
- Afraid
- Anger
- Surprise
- Disgust
14
Q
ROBERT PLUTCHIK’S WHEEL OF EMOTIONS
A
- Anger: fury, outrage, resentment, wrath
- Sadness: grief, sorrow, cheerlessness, gloom, melancholy
- Fear: anxiety, Apprehension, nervousness, concern, consternation
- Enjoyment: happiness, joy, relief, contentment, bliss 5. Love: acceptance, friendliness, trust, kindness, affinity
- Surprise: shock, astonishment, amazement, and wonder
- Disgust: contempt, disdain, scorn, abhorrence, aversion
- Shame: guilt, embarrassment, chargin, remorse, humiliation.
15
Q
type of relationship which is closely associated with a person and which can only have meaning to this person.
A
PERSONAL RELATIONSHIP:
16
Q
two characteristics that define personal relationship.
A
Privacy and Intimacy are
17
Q
THREE ATTACHMENT STYLES (Ainsworth, Blekar, Waters, & Wall, 1978)
A
SECURE ATTACHMENTS
AVOIDANT ATTACHMENT
ANXIOUS - AMBIVALENT ATTACHMENT
18
Q
Primary caregiver is most of the time present and available and when all the emotional needs of an infant are met.
A
SECURE ATTACHMENTS
19
Q
Primary caregiver is cold and detached, and even unresponsive to a child’s needs Avoid getting into meaningful relationships when they reach adulthood and claim to be a “rugged individual”
A
AVOIDANT ATTACHMENT
20
Q
Primary caregiver is not consistent in terms of presence and in meeting a child’s emotional needs. May develop separation anxiet
A
ANXIOUS - AMBIVALENT ATTACHMENT
21
Q
THREE STAGES OF FALLING IN LOVE
A
- LUST
- ATTRACTION
- ATTACHMENT
22
Q
involves our unconscious assessment of another person’s genes through their physical appearance.
A
Attraction
23
Q
- Immediate liking or disliking of an individual the moment they meet
- They remind us of someone in the past who has affected our sense of self and or behavior (Andersen, Reznik, and Manzella 1996)
A
TRANSFERENCE EFFECT
24
Q
- Proximity is another factor why we like a person
- We can predict their behavior, we find other people who we are familiar with more likable than others (Borstein, 1989; Moreland & Zajnoc, 1982; Zajnoc, 1968)
A
PROPINQUITY EFFECT
25
Facilitates communication because we can empathize and understand where they are coming from.
SIMILARITY
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* We like people who like us back
| * stronger than similarity
RECIPROCITY
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* Major factor in liking someone, and usually first impression counts a lot.
* Connotes positive
PHYSICAL ATTRACTIVENESS
28
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Characteristics that lead to liking other persons:
• Empathic Persons
• Socially Competent
• Happy & Cheerful Dispositions
• Sexually Warm
• Responsive
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PERSONALITY CHARACTERISTICS & TRAITS
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ROBERT STENBERG’S “TRIANGULAR THEORY OF LOVE”
Intimacy
Commitment
Passion
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THREE VARIABLES OF COMMITMENT (Rozenberg Quarterly)
1. Accumulation of all Rewards of the Relationship
2. Temptation of Alternative partners
3. Investments made by the couple in the relationship
31
PREDICTION OF DIVORCE/SEPARATION
| absence of unconditional positive regard, positive criticism is preferred.
Criticism —
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PREDICTION OF DIVORCE/SEPARATION
eludes the absence of a problem and refuses to discuss it
Denial of the Existence of Conflict —
33
PREDICTION OF DIVORCE/SEPARATION
loos down on the party as inferior does not give positive unconditional regard.
Contempt —
34
- tend to be less intimate, with lesser disclosure , but may still be exclusive, and may demand certain levels of loyalty as in fraternities or religious organizations.
• Middle and Late Adolescents usually find themselves in the company of their peers
Social Relationship
35
provides and immediate connection between thoughts, emotions, and behavior.
ORBITOFRONTAL CORTEX
36
_______ connected to the three major part of the brain: ___________
ORBITOFRONTAL CORTEX
(1) Cortex, (2) amygdala, & (3) Brain Stem.
37
person seems to agree, and follows what is requested or required.
COMPLIANCE
38
a person is influenced by someone he or she likes or looks up to.
IDENTIFICATION
39
A person is able to own a certain belief or act, and is willing to make it known publicly and privately.
INTERNALIZATION
40
A change of behavior to match others. Common and pervasive Brought about by peer pressure to demonstrate loyalty.
CONFORMITY
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An individual whole heartedly changes his or her original thinking and beliefs to align with other members of the group.
CONVERSION
42
A bigger number of people are influenced by such a smaller number of people
MINORITY INFLUENCED
43
A willing rejection of a social influence being exerted on an individual or group. Anti or non-conformity
REACTANCE
44
A person follows what someone tells him or her to do, although it may not necessarily reflect the person’s sets of beliefs or values.
OBEDIENCE
45
Used by one person or group to influence another to change their beliefs, actions, or attitudes by appealing to reason or emotion.
PERSUASION
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LEADERSHIP - the ability of a person in position of authority to influence others to behave in such a manner that goals are achieved
(Chaster Bernard, 1938)
47
Based on personality traits which are generally suited for all leaders, such as decisiveness, persistence, heigh-level of selfconfidence and assertiveness
TRAIT THEORY
48
Presupposes that leadership is a learned behavior, and that leaders are defined according to certain types of behavior they exhibit.
BEHAVIORAL THEORY
49
Opposite the autocratic leader, involves other people to make common decisions.
PARTICIPATIVE THEORY
50
No one style of leadership, based on factors in a situation.
SITUATIONAL THEORY
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Involves a transaction or negotiation of resources or position
TRANSACTIONAL THEORY
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A vision, which a leader uses to rally support from followers.
TRANSFORMATIONAL THEORY
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AUTHENTIC LEADERSHIP
1. Leadership is Situational - behavior and requirement from the leader is influenced by a situation.
2. Leadership is Non-Hierarchal - not based no one’s position in an organizational chart alone, but also dependent on other factors
3. Leadership is Relational - establish a relationship where their interests are mutually met.
54
leader’s effectiveness is measured by the quality of his relationship with this followers
LEADER - MEMBER EXCHANGE (LMX) THEORY -
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4 Principles of Heroic leadership
1. Self-Awareness
2. Ingenuity - a leader is not stuck in his comfort zone because the world is constantly changing.
3. Love - healthy self-concept generates a healthy and positive attitude when dealing with other people.
4. Heroism - motivating and inspiring other people to read for higher goals.
56
4 Elements Followers look for in a Leader
1. Authenticity — not afraid to show his or her weakness, reveals his human side without fear.
2. Significance — proves the reason or meaning for followers to believe in
3. Excitement — provides motivation and inspiration to his/her followers and excites them to pursue his vision.
4. Community — build a community of followers with whom they can associate and forge relationships.
57
- dynamics when two or more people, organizations, or nations perceive one another as a threat to their needs or interests. - Perceived in
CONFLICT
58
CAUSES OF CONFLICT (Christopher W. Moore, 2003)
1. Relationship — miscommunication, strong emotions, stereotyping
2. Data — lack of information, misinformation, differing views on data’s relevance, diff. interpretations
3. Interest — competition over interests, procedural interests, psychological interests
4. Structural — unequal authority, different criteria for evaluating ideas
5. Values — different ways of life, ideology, worldview
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POSITIVE EFFECTS OF CONFLICT
* Allows for issues to surface
* Raises the awareness of both person’s need
* Allows emotions to be expressed
* Understand and accept the uniqueness and differences of other people
* Strengthen the resolve of the parties to pursue common goals
* Encourages dialogue and empowerment
60
CONFLICT MANAGEMENT STYLES
1. Assertiveness — extent to which a person will try to satisfy his or her own needs or interests
2. Cooperativeness — a person will attempt to satisfy the other person’s needs
61
assertive & uncooperative an individual’s interest is above all else
1. Competing —
62
unassertive & cooperative, an individual neglects his or her interests or needs
2. Accommodating —
63
moderately assertive and moderately cooperative
3. Compromising —
64
unassertive and uncooperative, stay out of the situation
4. Avoiding —
65
assertive and cooperative, seeks mutually satisfying solution
5. Collaborating —
66
is graphical map of a family’s history that traces and illustrates patterns in its structure and characteristics I using special symbols to describe relationships
GENOGRAM -
67
Frank Parson
Skills, values, interests, and personality characteristics are analyzed and matched with job factors or an occupational profile
TRAIT FACTOR
68
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John Holland
Offshoot of Parson’s trait factor
1. Realistic
2. Investigative
3. Social
4. Conventional
5. Enterprising
6. Artistic
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PSYCHOLOGICAL
69
Albert Bandura
A person may exercise control over his or her thoughts, belief, and actions, and that self efficacy is the predictor of behavior
DECISION
70
belief in one’s capacities to plan, organize, and execute a set of actions that will produce desired results
Self-Efficacy =
71
Donald Super
Idea that humans are always in constant change and go through life learning and doing new things while chasing roles in the process
DEVELOPMENTAL/LIFESPAN/LIFE-SPACE THEORY
72
A need to know and understand what you want to do or not want to do Your values will play a role in your career choice
SELF-CONCEPT/SELFIDENTITY
73
Adolescent will sometimes abide by the wished of the parents over what college course to take
PERSONAL REFERENCES
74
The drive to fulfill one’s potentials is the best motivation any person can ever have in living a meaningful
MOTIVATION
75
Keeping his eye on his goals, and declare to the world that he can do it and will succeed in the pursuit of his dreams
SELF-CONFIDENCE
76
Be aware of the inherent skills you have Have the courage to stand up and take the relevant course that will hone your skills and be the master of your own destiny
PERSONAL SKILLS
77
Certain characteristics are compatible ad matched with certain types of work or occupation
PERSONALITY CHARACTERISTICS
78
The condition of your health is a major factor in the carer choice you will make
PERSONAL HEALTH
79
An emotionally disturbed person can end up deciding on the wrong thing
EMOTIONAL CONSIDERATIONS
80
Thoughts that deter a person from developing a healthy and wholesome self-concept
SELF-SABOTAGING THOUGHTS
