Psych exam 1

Question 1

MCQ what is a theory and how does it work?

Answer 1

a theory is a general principle explaining how things are related. It works by____.

Question 2

MCQ what is the best way to gather information?

Answer 2

the scientific meathod

Question 3

MCQ how do hypothesis and predictions work?

Answer 3

A hypothesis works by a researcher coming up with a question they want to empirically test with data. versus a prediction says what will happen in an experiment if a hypothesis is correct.

Question 4

MCQ what is a naturalistic observation

Answer 4

studying something in its natural enviorment

Question 5

MCQ why is animal research so important?

Answer 5

To test medications and things that cannot be tested on people.

Question 6

MCQ what is the central idea of psychoanalytic theory?

Answer 6

that human behavior is determined by unconscious forces

Question 7

MCQ What is a defence mechanism that involves using logic to justify one’s behaviors?

Answer 7

Rationalization

Question 8

MCQ What is the theorist that deaIlt with archetypes and the underlying theme of the personal and collective unconsious

Answer 8

Carl Jung

Question 9

MCQ In humanistic psych, what s making an environment where someone is accepted and not judged no matter what?

Answer 9

unconditional positive regard

Question 10

MCQ What theory looks at the interaction between poverty, peers, and parents to determine a teen’s antisocial behavior?

Answer 10

Social interaction entropy (maybe problem behavior theory but defnifly not likley at all)

Question 11

MCQ In the 5 factor model, what factor shows imagination and curosity?

Answer 11

Openness

Question 12

MCQ what is a plan of action based on previous experiences?

Answer 12

Schemes

Question 13

MCQ What is the process in which new objects, events, or experiences are incorporated into existing schemes?

Answer 13

Assimilation

Question 14

MCQ What is the belief that adolescence will be the center of attention in a sense that others will either critique or approve of them

Answer 14

Imaginary audience

Question 15

MCQ Which of the stages of Ericksons teaches that toddlers need to assert their independence

Answer 15

Autonomy vs shame/doubt

Question 16

MCQ When does searching for identity begin, what is its stage of development?

Answer 16

12-19 identity verses role confusion

Question 17

MCQ when a moral decision is based on advising punishment, what level of moral development is being used?

Answer 17

Pre-conventional morality

Question 18

What do CT scans discover?

Answer 18

with x rays, they make correctional images of the brain structures and find tumors, strokes, and brain injuries

Question 19

What cells conduct impulses through the nervous system?

Answer 19

neurons

Question 20

What part of the brain controls cognitive and voluntary motor functions?

Answer 20

forebrain

Question 21

What is our brain’s ability to adapt and heal itself?

Answer 21

neuroplasiticity

Question 22

what defines personal awareness of feelings, sensations, and thoughts?

Answer 22

Consiousness

Question 23

what are the 1/2 hour of bodily highs and lows throughout the day

Answer 23

Circadian rhythm

Question 24

What 2 negative things happen when you are sleep deprived?

Answer 24

impaired cognitive function (learning), memory lapses inc and dec problem solving abilities.

Question 25

What active brain pattern does lack of sleep affect?

Answer 25

REM sleep? or overstimulate amegdila emotion center

Question 26

What is the body and brain’s natural way of protecting itself from substances?

Answer 26

Tolleration

Question 27

What is the effect of withdrawal symptoms from the effect of drugs?

Answer 27

Usually the opposite effect of the drug and also memory deficit, poor time management, and poor behavioral control, trembling, muscle pains,

Question 28

What part of the brain is primarly responsible for processes such as thinking and language learning?

Answer 28

cerebral cortex

Question 29

what does grey matter in women effect?

Answer 29

emotion (language or multitasking too)

Question 30

SAQ
What are Max Weber’s three sources of Authority? List and briefly explain with an example of each.

Answer 30

Max Weber’s three sources of authority are traditional authority ( subjective wisdom of the ages), Charismatic Authority (power from irrational thoughts, metaphors, personal charm, and possibilities from the unconscious), and Rational Authority (objective logic and thinking). In Traditional authority (aka power from passed down and long-standing societal knowledge), churches are an exemplification because some members do not believe in trans people (a traditionalist notion) despite many trans people existing. Similarly, charismatic authority is displayed through Ken’s leadership of his horse-patriarchy EXPLAIN HERE PLEASE. In contrast, rational authority can .

Question 31

SAQ
Is it nature or Nurture or both that determine human behavior, personality, and destiny? List and define four factors of each and then, briefly, defend your opinion.

Answer 31

The idea of nature vs nurture by Fransis Galton suggests that a person’s personality, behavior, and desitiny can be influenced by predetermined factors, aka nature, (i.e., DNA, genetics, IQ, ect) or

Question 32

SAQ
Personality theories have evolved over the years. List 4 common theories including their advocates and themes used to understand human needs and behaviors. give an example of each.

Answer 32

Psychoanalytic
humanistic
trait perspective
social cognitive perspective

Question 33

SAQ
Define the Ego.
List, describe, and explain its 3 functions and 3 ways the ego grows and devolps

Answer 33

The ego is the organ of consciousness that controls our choices/willpower, rational thinking, and desires to fit into the world to survive. Functionally, the ego orients us in time and space by setting social boundaries, detaches one’s identity from their caregiver through experiencing unique autonomy, and cements our identity/ safety net through secure attachmentsn and belonging. The ego devolps through gratification of needs, exploring existance playfully, and validation to build love and security.

Question 34

SAQ
Erickson believed we are not “stuck” in the past, but that we develop throughout our lifetime, confronted with crises and a chance to heal and grow.
What are 4 Maxims of his stages of dev, with an example of each?

Answer 34

The four maxims of Erickson’s stages of development are 1. a crisis occurring ausing needs , 2. the crisis significantly shifts one’s perspective, 3. the crisis creates a time to be able to be vunerable, 4. one is met with finding a way to cope with the issues ( maladaptive or adaptive). For example, in the movie barbie, barbie starts having thoughts of death, her dreamhouse starts falling apart, and she begins to question her identity ( the first maxim). Barbie then realizes that Barbieland is imperfect and goes to find a new perspective in the human world (the second maxim); she is met with new emotions and uncomfortable experiences in the human world–cat-called, heart ache, - that make her vunerable and confused (the 3rd maxim). At the end of the movie, barbie exemplifes the 4th maxim of Erickson’s stages of devolpment by adapting to her new relaity and accepting that it is okay to feel her feelings.