Psych quiz 2 part 1

Question 1

Learning

Answer 1

A process that produces change in behavior or knowledge as a result of individuals experiences

Question 2

Palvolv

Answer 2

Used classical conditioning with dogs and salivation and a bell.

Question 3

Reflective response

Answer 3

Simple, unlearned behavior done by the nervous system that occurs automatically with a stimulus

Question 4

Classical conditioning

Answer 4

Learning the association between two stimuli.

Question 5

Netural Stimuli

Answer 5

a stimulus that at first elicits no response

Question 6

Unconditioned Stimulus (UCS)

Answer 6

natural stimulus that happens without prior learning

Question 7

Unconditioned response (UCR)

Answer 7

Unlearned reflective response that comes from UCS

Question 8

Conditioned stimulus

Answer 8

formerly neutral stimulus
that acquires the capacity to elicit a reflexive response

Question 9

Conditioned Response

Answer 9

learned, reflexive
response to a conditioned stimulus

Question 10

Stimiulus Generalization

Answer 10

Being scared of a rat, so you’re scared of all things small and grey

Question 11

Little Albert

Answer 11

Showed classical conditioning is possible in humans (Explain w CS’s)

Question 12

Higher Order Conditioning

Answer 12

occurs when a conditioned stimulus becomes associated with a new unconditioned stimulus.
Example: A detergent company pairs their product with a song that makes everyone happy, then the product will make the person happy after it didn’t make them feel anything before

Question 13

Resistance to extinction

Answer 13

The longer the conditioning has taken place and the magnitude of the conditioned response may make the response more resistant to extinction

Question 14

Taste Aversion

Answer 14

a classical conditioned dislike for a food after it makes you sick (the wolf example)

Question 15

Discrimination

Answer 15

Opposite of stimulus generalization, only shows response to one thing

Question 16

Learned Helplessness

Answer 16

Learned helplessness occurs when an individual continuously faces a negative, uncontrollable situation and stops trying to change their circumstances, even when they have the ability to do so. For example, a smoker may repeatedly try and fail to quit.

Question 17

Law of effect

Answer 17

behaviors with satisfying outcomes are more likely to happen again, while those with unsatisfying outcomes are less likely to reoccur

Question 18

Operant Conditioning

Answer 18

Learning through the consequences of behavior

Question 19

Skinner and Thorndike

Answer 19

Operant Conditioning

Question 20

Skinners Box

Answer 20

Cat learns to open with lever

Question 21

Reinforcement

Answer 21

Occurrence of a stimulus or event following a response

Question 22

Positive Reinforcement

Answer 22

Increases probability that behavior will happen again (adding)

If you give everyone 100 dollars to raise their hand, they will keep raising their hand = positive

Question 23

Negative Reinforcement

Answer 23

Decreases probability behavior will happen again (taking away)

If you shock everyone if they don’t raise their hands, they are going to raise their hands to avoid shock = negative

Question 24

Punishment

Answer 24

Decrease chance of behavior repeating. If it is not decreasing it is not punishment

Question 25

Positive Punishment

Answer 25

Adding something to the situation Ex. Spanking

Question 26

Negative Punishment

Answer 26

Taking something away from the situation Ex. time out or taking a phone

Question 27

Fixed interval schedule

Answer 27

a set amount of time between occurrences of something like a reward

Question 28

Fixed ratio schedule

Answer 28

Involve reinforcement after a certain number of responses have been emitted

Question 29

continuous reinforcement schedule

Answer 29

nvolves the delivery of a reinforcer every single time that a desired behavior is emitted.