Psych/Soc Questions Flashcards
(28 cards)
spreading activation
when a concept is activated, the activation spreads to related concepts
eg in a recall task participants cannot remember the actual word, but remember words associated with it thematically
depth of processing
type of attention applied to words during encoding
social reproduction
contradicts social mobility
the circumstances a person was born into primarily determine the status they can achieve in their life
confirmation bias
tendency to favor information that confirms existing beliefs
can involve biases in the search for evidence and the interpretation of evidence
conflict theory
emphasizes social relations of capital, power, and status as the driving forces in society
anomie
an individual feels disconnected from the larger community
theory of emotion in which both physiological arousal and cognitive appraisal must occur before the emotion is experienced
Schachter-Singer two factor theory
theory of emotion in which physiological arousal and emotions are experienced simultaneously
Canon-Bard theory
theory of emotion in which physiological arousal precedes the experience of emotions
James-Lange Theory
differs from two factors because cognitive appraisal of the emotion is not necessary
Piaget’s stages
sensorimotor 0-2 object permanence is developed
preoperational 2-7 symbolic thinking, idea of conservation marks progression to next stage
concrete operational 7-11 abstract concepts can be understood when attached to concrete situations
formal operational 11+ abstract logic and reasoning, strategy, theoretical and hypothetical thinking
Mead’s I and me
I = spontaneous and autonomous part of the self me = part of the self that is formed in interaction with others and with the general social environment
which is the most effective reinforcement schedule in operant conditioning?
variable ratio schedule
Gestalt’s principle of proximity
characters are seen as sets due to their spatial contiguity with one another
left brain and right brain
left brain - linguistic and mathematical abilities
right brain - emotional and nonverbal communication
in split brain patients, a stimulus shown to the left side would be processed only in the right hemisphere (eg names could not be accessed because linguistic abilities are controlled by the left)
which part of the eye is denser in rods?
periphery of the retina
this is why when looking at a dimly lit object with peripheral vision at night, the image is clear
a median BMI of 25 means that
half the population had a BMI above 25 and half the population had a BMI below 25
working memory capacity
magic number: 7 plus or minus 2
triadic group
more stable than a dyadic group
3 components of attitude
cognitive - thoughts, beliefs, and ideas
affective - emotions
behavioral - actions
social loafing
people are more productive alone than in a group
fear conditioning paradigm
acquisition and extinction
functionalism
activities have manifest and latent functions
eg yoga has a manifest function as exercise but a latent function of helping with smoking cessation
these are connected to social stability
instinctual drift
conditioned habits eventually give way to innate food-related behaviors
undesirable when trying to perform operant conditioning
REM rebound
after a night of no REM sleep or interrupted REM sleep, the person will get extra REM sleep the next night
