Psych Term 2

Question 1

Cognitive development

Answer 1

Refers to the mental processes of problem solving, perceiving and reasoning (thinking)

Question 2

Social-cultural development

Answer 2

Refers to the development of the person in terms of their personality, emotions, social interactions and expectations.

Question 3

Maturation

Answer 3

The physical growth and development of the body, brain and nervous.

Question 4

Developmental norm

Answer 4

The ages at which an average individual is expected to reach various milestones of development.

Question 5

Myelin

Answer 5

An opaque fatty substance the covers the axon on neurons, enabling faster transmitting of development.

Question 6

Orienting response

Answer 6

The automatic turning of the body in the direction of a new stimulus. Eg. Looking out the window in class then turning when the teacher talks to you.

Question 7

Preferential looking

Answer 7

When an individual prefers looking at a new stimulus rather than an old or familiar stimulus. Eg. When a different teacher walks in and you turn to face the new stimulus.

Question 8

Habituation

Answer 8

A simple form of learning in which the repeated presentation of the same stimulus causes reduced attention to the stimulus. Eg. Losing interest in a stimulus over time.

Question 9

Dishabituation

Answer 9

A simple form of learning the refers to an infants renewed interest in a stimulus after a period of habituation.

Question 10

Self-awareness

Answer 10

Consciousness of oneself as a person depends on maturation of the nervous system.

Question 11

Social-awareness

Answer 11

The awareness of other people.

Question 12

Imprinting

Answer 12

A rapid and relatively permanent type of learning that occurs during a limited time period in early life.

Question 13

Emotional attachment

Answer 13

A close emotional bond that infants form with their parents or caregivers.

Question 14

Play

Answer 14

Pleasure activity that is done for its own sake.

Question 15

Egocentric

Answer 15

Centred on ones own needs and not taking into consideration the viewpoint of others.

Question 16

Nature

Answer 16

The genetic influence on development.

Question 17

Nurture

Answer 17

The environmental influence on development.

Question 18

Identical twins

Answer 18

Twins who develop from the same egg and who therefor have identical genes.

Question 19

Fraternal twins

Answer 19

Twins conceived from two separate eggs; no more alike genetically than other siblings.

Question 20

Deprivation

Answer 20

In development, the loss or withholding of normal stimulation, nutrition, comfort, love and so forth; a condition of lacking.

Question 21

Deprivation dwarfism

Answer 21

Stunted growth caused by isolation, rejection or general deprivation.

Question 22

Biological Development

Answer 22

Refers to the physical changes that occur in the body through growth and maturation.