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Health and Illness Concepts III Nursing: N2410 > Psychiatric/Mental Health (Exam Five) > Flashcards

Psychiatric/Mental Health (Exam Five) Flashcards

1
Q

Which disorder has an onset during the developmental period that includes both intellectual and adaptive functioning deficits in conceptual, social, and practical domains?

A

Intellectual Development Disorder (IDD)`

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2
Q

What are the risk factors for developing Intellectual Developmental Disorder (IDD)?

A
  • Family history of Tay-Sachs disease
  • Childhood meningococcal infection
  • Deprivation of nurturance and social stimulation
  • Birth trauma
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3
Q

How is the degree of Intellectual Developmental Disorder measured?

A

Patients IQ level

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4
Q

List the four degrees of IQ severity. (Include name and number)

A
  • Mild (50-70)
  • Moderate (35-49)
  • Severe (20-34)
  • Profound (below 20)
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5
Q

Describe the characteristics of mild degree Intellectual Developmental Disorder (IDD).

A
  • Academic skills up to 6th grade level
  • Able to live independently
  • Psychomotor skills not affected
  • Able to develop social skills
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6
Q

Describe the characteristics of moderate degree Intellectual Developmental Disorder (IDD).

A
  • Academic skills up to 2nd grade level
  • Requires supervision during activities
  • Motor development is fair
  • Nonadherence to social convention
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7
Q

Describe the characteristics of severe degree Intellectual Developmental Disorder (IDD).

A
  • Unable to benefit from academic training
  • Minimal verbal skills
  • Poor psychomotor skills
  • Requires complete supervision
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8
Q

Describe the characteristics of profound degree Intellectual Developmental Disorder (IDD).

A
  • Unable to benefit from any academic training
  • Requires constant care and supervision
  • No socialization skills
  • Little to no speech development
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9
Q

How would a patient diagnosed with severe intellectual development disorder (IDD) communicate their wants and needs?

A

By acting-out behaviors

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10
Q

Which disorder is characterized by a withdrawal of the child into the self and into a fantasy world of his or her own creation?

A

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

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11
Q

T/F: A predisposition to Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is poor parenting.

A
  • False

- Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is not related to poor parenting

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12
Q

List the signs and symptoms common among children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD).

A
  • Impaired social interaction
  • Impaired communication
  • Repetitive type activity
  • Self-soothing (i.e. rocking and pacing)
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13
Q

The nurse knows that head-banging is associated with what disorder? What is the primary nursing intervention for a child who continuously bangs their head against the wall?

A
  • Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

- Apply a helmet

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14
Q

A child diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) has a nursing diagnosis of disturbed personal identity. What would be the desired outcome?

A

Identify their own body parts

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15
Q

Why might a psychiatrist prescribed medication to a child diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)? Are these medications used to treat autism?

A
  • To relieve subsequent symptoms (i.e. aggression, irritability)
  • No, they’re not used to treat autism itself
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16
Q

List the two medications used for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD).

A
  • Risperidone

- Aripiprazole

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17
Q

The nurse knows they should do what in order to make a child with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) feel more comfortable?

A

Provide consistent caregivers

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18
Q

Which disorder is characterized by excessive psychomotor activity that may be purposeful or aimless, accompanied by physical movements and verbal utterances that are usually more rapid than normal?

A

Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

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19
Q

The essential behavior pattern of a child with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is one of:

A
  • Inattention
  • Hyperactivity
  • Impulsivity
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20
Q

Describe impulsiveness.

A

The trait of acting without reflection and without thought to the consequences of the behavior

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21
Q

Nursing interventions for the child with Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) are aimed at:

A
  • Setting limits with consequences
  • Provide rewards for appropriate behavior
  • Provide group settings for the child
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22
Q

What drug class is primarily prescribed, and considered first line treatment, for individuals suffering from Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)?

A

Central Nervous System (CNS) stimulants

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23
Q

List an example of a drug used to treat Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD).

A

Methylphenidate

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24
Q

List the side effects of methylphenidate.

A
  • Insomnia
  • Anorexia
  • Tachycardia
  • Decreased appetite
  • Decreased growth and development
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25
Q

Children on Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder drugs are at an increased risk for what?

A

Injury-related hospital admissions

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26
Q

What disorder is characterized by the presence of multiple motor tics and one or more vocal tics?

A

Tourette’s disorder

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27
Q

According to the DSM-5, what diagnostic criteria must be met in order for a child to be diagnosed with Tourette’s syndrome?

A
  • Motor and vocal tics must be present

- Tics are persistent for more than 1 year

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28
Q

What medication class(s) are effective in treating Tourette’s syndrome?

A
  • Antipsychotics (neuroleptic)

- Alpha-agonists

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29
Q

List the medications often used to treat Tourette’s syndrome.

A
  • Haloperidol
  • Risperidone
  • Aripiprazole
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30
Q

Pharmacological intervention for Tourette’s disorder is most effective when it is what?

A

Combined with other psychosocial therapy

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31
Q

What disorder is characterized by a persistent pattern of angry mood and defiant behavior that occurs more frequently than is usually observed in individuals of comparable age and interferes with social, educational, or vocational activities?

A

Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD)

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32
Q

A child will display persistent patterns of behavior in which basic rights of others and major rules are violated if they are diagnosed with what disorder?

A

Conduct Disorder (CD)

33
Q

Is childhood-onset type or adolescent-onset type Conduct Disorder (CD) considered more severe?

A

Childhood-onset type

34
Q

T/F: When Conduct Disorder (CD) begins in childhood, there is more likely to be a history of ODD and a greater likelihood of antisocial personality disorder in adulthood than if the disorder is diagnosed in adolescence.

A

True

35
Q

The nurse working on a unit of adolescents notices a patient with Conduct Disorder (CD) is becoming verbally abusive to another member of the milieu. What is the priority nursing intervention?

A

Remove everyone from the milieu to provide safety

36
Q

What is a common predisposing factor when assessing a child diagnosed with Separation Anxiety Disorder?

A

Child’s mother is diagnosed with an anxiety disorder

37
Q

Behavior therapy is most beneficial to children diagnosed with what disorder(s)?

A

Disruptive behavior disorders (i.e. ADHD, ODD, Conduct Disorder)

38
Q

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, individuals aged 55 through 64 are classified as what?

A

Older

39
Q

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, individuals aged 65 through 74 are classified as what?

A

Elderly

40
Q

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, individuals aged 75 through 84 are classified as what?

A

Aged

41
Q

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, individuals aged 85 years and older are classified as what?

A

Very old

42
Q

Whether one is considered “old” must be self-determined, based on these variables:

A
  • Attitude
  • Mental health
  • Physical health
  • Degree of independence
43
Q

Provide examples of older adults who are considered to have a positive self-concept.

A
  • Busy mother who volunteers

- Middle-aged professor who hosts a part for students

44
Q

List factors that affect aging according to the environmental theory.

A
  • Industrial carcinogens
  • Sunlight
  • Trauma
  • Infection
45
Q

_______-______ memory seems to deteriorate with age, while ________-______ memory does not show similar changes.

A
  • Short-term memory

- Long-term memory

46
Q

T/F: Mentally active people show less memory declined than those who are not mentally active.

A

True

47
Q

What are the most common affective illnesses occurring after the middle years?

A

Depressive disorders

48
Q

What is one of the most common and critical forms of psychopathology in later life?

A

Delirium

49
Q

List the factors that contribute to risks for caregiver elder abuse.

A
  • Economic stress
  • Substance abuse
  • Difficult coping with caregiver role
  • Criminal behavior history
50
Q

List the identified risk factors for victims of abuse.

A
  • White female
  • Aged 70 or older
  • Mental/physical impairment
  • Inability to meet self-care needs
  • Having care that exceeds caretakers ability
51
Q

T/F: Elder victims often minimize the abuse or deny that it has occurred.

A

True

52
Q

______________ therapy is especially helpful with elderly patients.

A

Reminiscence therapy

53
Q

Reminiscence therapy helps increase ________-________ and decreases the likelihood of ____________.

A
  • Self-esteem

- Depression

54
Q

Describe abuse.

A

The maltreatment of one person by another

55
Q

What disorder of the brain has been implicated in the disposition to aggressive and violent behavior?

A

Temporal lobe epilepsy

56
Q

A pattern of coercive control founded on and supported by physical and/or sexual violence or threat of violence toward and intimate partner is known as what?

A

Battering

57
Q

T/F: The typical abuser is very possessive and perceives his spouse as a possession.

A

True

58
Q

List the three distinct phases of the cycle of battering.

A
  • Phase 1: Tension-building phase
  • Phase 2: Acute battering incident
  • Phase 3: Honeymoon phase
59
Q

Describe Phase 1: Tension Building Phase of the cycles of battering.

A
  • Man’s tolerance for frustration is declining

- Can last weeks, months, or years

60
Q

Describe Phase 2: Acute Battering Incident of the cycles of battering.

A
  • Most violent
  • Shortest phase
  • Usually lasts up to 24 hours
61
Q

Describe Phase 3: Honeymoon Phase of the cycles of battering.

A

Batterer becomes extremely loving, kind, and contrite

62
Q

What are the most common response battered women give for staying in their abusive relationship?

A
  • They fear for their lives and/or the lives of their children
  • Sense of powerlessness
63
Q

What aspects are considered central to the dynamic of domestic violence?

A
  • Power

- Control

64
Q

Signs of physical child abuse include the following:

A
  • Shrinks at the approach of adults
  • Frightened of adults
  • Often absent from school
  • Multiple bruises in various stages of healing
  • Appears apathetic and tired
65
Q

The occurrence of sexual contacts or interaction between, or sexual exploitation of, close relatives, or between participants who are related to each other by kinship bond that is regarded as a prohibition to sexual relations is know as what?

A

Incest

66
Q

_________ is the expression of power and dominance by means of sexual violence, most commonly by men over women, although men may also be victims.

A

Rape

67
Q

Describe actions displayed by the victim of a rape who is experiencing the expressed response pattern.

A
  • Crying
  • Sobbing
  • Restless
  • Tension
68
Q

Describe actions displayed by the victim of a rape who is experiencing the controlled response pattern.

A
  • Masked feelings
  • Calm
  • Composed
  • Subdued affect
69
Q

What is the silent rape reaction?

A

Survivor tells no one about the assault

70
Q

What is the primary nursing intervention for the victim of abuse or neglect?

A
  • Provide shelter

- Promote reassurance of his/her safety

71
Q

What type of care is foundational to all treatment modalities for survivors of abuse and neglect?

A

Trauma-informed care

72
Q

Which act called for the construction of comprehensive community mental health center, the cost of which would be shared by federal and state governments?

A

Community Mental Health Centers Act of 1963

73
Q

What deterred the implementation of the Community Mental Health Centers Act of 1963?

A

State governments did not have the capability to match the federal funds to establish mental health centers

74
Q

Describe primary prevention.

A

Services aimed at reducing the incidence of mental disorders within the population

75
Q

List examples of primary prevention.

A
  • Teaching parenting skills and child development to expecting parents
  • Teaching effects of alcohol and drugs to elementary/secondary school students
  • Providing education and support to unemployed or homeless individuals
76
Q

Describe secondary prevention.

A

Interventions aimed at minimizing early symptoms of psychiatric illness and directed toward reducing the prevalence and duration of the illness

77
Q

A client with schizophrenia is hospitalized due to a psychosis exacerbation. What level of prevention does this fall under?

A

Secondary prevention

78
Q

Describe tertiary prevention.

A

Services directed at reducing the residual defects associated with severe and persistent mental illnesses

Health and Illness Concepts III Nursing: N2410 (15 decks)

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