Psychodynamic Approach

Question 1

Assumptions

Answer 1

All behaviour has an unconscious cause

Question 2

Levels of consciousness

Answer 2

Conscious
Preconscious
Unconscious

Question 3

Conscious

Answer 3

What we are aware of

Question 4

Preconscious

Answer 4

Thoguhts we become aware of through dreams and slip of the tongue

Question 5

Unconscious

Answer 5

biological drives and instincts that influence our behaviour

Question 6

Personality

Answer 6

ID, EGO, SUPEREGO

Question 7

ID

Answer 7

Pleasure principle
- instant gratification

Question 8

EGO

Answer 8

Reality principle
- mediator

Question 9

SUPEREGO

Answer 9

Morality principle
- age 5

Question 10

Psychosexual stages

Answer 10

Oral
Anal
Phallic
Lantency
Genital

Question 11

Oral

Answer 11

• 0-1
• pleasure focus = mouth
• object of desire = mother’s breast

Question 12

Anal

Answer 12

• 1-3
• pleasure focus = anus
• gains pleasure from witholding and eliminating faeces

Question 13

Phallic

Answer 13

• 3-5
• pleasure focus = genitals

Question 14

Latency

Answer 14

• 6
• repress earlier conflicts

Question 15

Genital

Answer 15

• puberty
• sexual desire becomes conscious

Question 16

Oedipus Complex

Answer 16

• phallic stage
• boys = incestious feeling for mother thereofre hate father
• repress feelings for mother + identify with father
• girls = penis envy
• boys = castration anxiety

Question 17

Defence Mechanisms

Answer 17

Repression
Denial
Displacement

Question 18

Repression

Answer 18

Force distressing memory out of conscious mind

Question 19

Denial

Answer 19

Refuse to acknowledge reality

Question 20

Displacement

Answer 20

Transfer feelings onto substitute target

Question 21

AO3 + explanatory power

Answer 21

Can explain wide range of behaviour and draw attention to childhood influence

Question 22

AO3 + psychotherapy

Answer 22

helps deal with every day problems by providing access to unconscious

Question 23

AO3 - cannot apply to serious disorders

Answer 23

Like schizophrenia where patient has lost touch with reality

Question 24

AO3 - untestable concepts

Answer 24

Unfalsifiable therefore lacks scientific rigour and is a pseudoscience