Psychodynamic Approach

Question 1

Who developed the psychodynamic approach?

Answer 1

Sigmund Freud

Question 2

The approach believes the mind is the what for all behaviour?

Answer 2

Driving force

Question 3

What experiences does that approach believe are responsible for who we are as adults?

Answer 3

Childhood experiences

Question 4

Accessing the _______ ____ is the only way to resolve issues

Answer 4

Unconscious mind

Question 5

The importance of _______ with _______ ______ is stressed by the approach

Answer 5

1 relationships

2 family members

Question 6

What does the unconscious hold

Answer 6

Most of our mind

Our biological desires 
Instincts 
Behaviours 
Personality 
Repressed memories 
Drives

Question 7

If behaviour is caused by the unconscious this means….

Answer 7

Behaviour can’t be controlled as it is caused by unconscious factors

Question 8

What is the tripartite personality made up of??

Answer 8

id
Ego
Superego

Question 9

Is the id conscious or unconscious

Answer 9

Unconscious

Question 10

Is the ego conscious or unconscious

Answer 10

Conscious

Question 11

Is the superego conscious or unconscious

Answer 11

Unconscious

Question 12

What can the id also be called?

Answer 12

The pleasure principle

It demands gratification regardless on circumstances

Question 13

What can the ego also be called

Answer 13

Reality principle

Question 14

What can the superego also be called

Answer 14

The morality principle

Question 15

When is the id formed

Answer 15

At birth

Question 16

What does the id focus on?

Answer 16

The self

It is selfish and demanding

Question 17

What does the ego stand for?

Answer 17

It is the rational part of the mind the mediator between the id and superego

Question 18

When is the ego formed

Answer 18

At the age of 2

Question 19

What does the ego mediate between

Answer 19

The impulsiveness of the id and the reality of the world

Aims to reduce conflict or the I’d and superego

Question 20

What are defence mechanisms?

Answer 20

There to prevent us from being overwhelmed by threats and traumas

Question 21

What does defence mechanisms involve?

Answer 21

Pushing away reality

Question 22

What is denial

Answer 22

Refusing to acknowledge reality

Question 23

What is repression

Answer 23

Forcing a memory out of the conscious mind into the unconscious

Question 24

What is displacement

Answer 24

Transferring feelings from the real source of distressing emotion onto a new target

Question 25

How to remember the psychosexual stages

Answer 25

``` Old Age Pensioners Love Guinness ```

Question 26

What are the psychosexual stages

Answer 26

``` Oral Anal Phallic Latency Genital ```

Question 27

What age does the oral stage happen

Answer 27

0 to 1

Question 28

What age does the anal stage happen

Answer 28

1 to 3

Question 29

What age does the phallic stage happen

Answer 29

3 to 5

Question 30

What age does the latency stage happen

Answer 30

6 to 12

Question 31

What age does the genital stage happen

Answer 31

12

Question 32

What is fixation?

Answer 32

When a child gets stuck at a stage due to under/over gratification This will impact the behaviour as an adult

Question 33

If an individual gets fixated on the oral stage what could it manifest into?

Answer 33

Drinking Smoking Biting nails Sarcasm

Question 34

What is the focus of pleasure and desire in the oral stage

Answer 34

Pleasure- moms mouth | Desire- moms breast

Question 35

If an individual gets fixated on the anal stage what could this lead to?

Answer 35

OCD perfectionism Anal retentive personality type

Question 36

What does a child learn in the anal stage??

Answer 36

Focus is on the anus | Child learns to control their bladder and bowel

Question 37

What does a child realise in the phallic stage

Answer 37

Gender differences between male and female

Question 38

What developed in the phallic stage

Answer 38

Unconscious sexual desires for opposite sex parent Oedipus and Electra complex

Question 39

What are the stages of the Oedipus complex

Answer 39

Boy desires mom and wants to have sex Boy sees father as rival and wants to kill him Fears father will find out and castrate him Boy resolves this by identifying with father Superego develops and boy stops desiring mom and desires other women instead

Question 40

What are the stages of the Electra complex

Answer 40

Girl desires father Develops penis envy and wants to kill mom for removing it Girl sees mom as rival Girl identifies with mom in fear that she will find out Superego develops and replaces desire with father with desire for baby

Question 41

Strengths of psychodynamic approach

Answer 41

Approach interactionist (considers both sides of nature nurture debate) Not reductionist (doesn’t reduce behaviour down to specific parts, takes into consideration the full person) Practical application Brought a new type of therapy psychoanalysis

Question 42

Weaknesses of psychodynamic approach

Answer 42

Deterministic Believes thoughts/behaviour is predetermined by nature meaning they’re preprogrammed to behave in certain ways Doesn’t advocate scientific methods only uses on case study and concepts like Oedipus, Electra id and superego can’t be tested as they’re unconscious

Question 43

What case study shows the Oedipus complex

Answer 43

Little hans case study

Question 44

How would we develop a 16 mark question for this approach

Answer 44

AO1- what does approach involve? Explain the id ego superego (tripartite personality) The psychosexual stages Who approach was developed by The unconscious being driving force for behaviour Childhood experiences make us who we are as adults AO3 strengths and weaknesses Not scientific parts like Oedipus and Electra are untestable Deterministic believes behaviour is predetermined Not reductionist

Question 45

When is the superego formed

Answer 45

3 to 5 years old

Question 46

What does the superego operate on?

Answer 46

Highest standard morals, being the best person you could possibly be

Question 47

What can the superego do to the ego

Answer 47

Punish it, causing feelings of guilt

Question 48

The superego is....

Answer 48

Entirely selfless