PSYCHODYNAMIC EXP (PSYCHOANALYTICAL)

Question 1

WHAT STAGE DOES GENDER DEVELOPMENT START

Answer 1

THE PHALLIC STAGE (3-6) IS WHEN GENDER DEVELOPMENT OCCURS PRIOR REACHING THIS STAGE CHILDREN HAVE NO IDEA ABOUT GENDER IDENTITY

Question 1

WHAT ARE THE 5 PSYCHOSEXUAL STAGES

Answer 1

1. THE ORAL STAGE
2. THE ANAL STAGE
3. THE PHALLIC STAGE
4. THE LATENT STAGE
5. THE GENITAL STAGE

Question 2

OEDIPUS COMPLEX (BOYS)

Answer 2

1. DEVELOP INCESTUOUS DESIRES FOR THEIR MOTHERS AND FEEL JEALOUS AND HATRED TOWARDS THEIR FATHERS WHO STAND IN THE WAY OF THE BOY POSSESSING THE LOVE FOR HIS MOTHER

Question 3

CASTRATION ANXIETY

Answer 3

2.THE BOY RECOGNISES THAT HIS FATHER IS MORE POWERFUL THAN HE IS AND FEARS HE MAY BE CASTRATED BY HIS FATHER FOR THOSE FEELINGS TOWARDS HIS MOTHER

Question 4

INDENTIFICATION WITH AGGRESSOR

Answer 4

TO RESOLVE CONFLICT BOY HAS GIVEN UP LOVE FOR HIS MOTHER AND BEGINS TO IDENTIFY WITH FATHER

Question 5

ELECTRA COMPLEX (GIRLS)

Answer 5

EXPERIENCE PENIS ENVY, SEEING THEMSELVES AND THEIR MOTHER AS COMEPTITION FOR THEIR FATHERS LOVE GIRLS RESENT THEIR MOTHERS FOR STANDING IN THE WAY OF THEM AND THEIR FATHERS - LOVE RIVAL AND BLAME THEM FOR THE LACK OF PENIS

Question 6

HOWEVER FREUD IS UNCLEAR ON ELECTRA COMPLEX

Answer 6

FREUD IS MUCH LESS CLEAR ON GIRLS, THERE IS NO EVIDENCE OF HIM USING THIS CONCEPT IN HIS WRITING

Question 7

CARL JUNG

Answer 7

SUGGESTS THAT GIRLS OVERTIME ACCEPT THEY WILL NEVER HAVE A PENIS AND SUBSITITUE PENIS ENVY FOR DESIRE TO HAVE CHILDREN, IDENTIFYING WITH MOTHER AS A RESULT

Question 8

INDENTIFICATION

Answer 8

CHILDREN BOTH IDENTIFY WITH SAME SEX PARENT AS MEANS OF RESOLVING THEIR RESPECTIVE COMPLEXNESS

Question 9

INTERNALISATION

Answer 9

BOYS ADOPT VALUES OF FATHER, GIRLS ADOP VALUES OF MOTHER, TAKING ROLES OF THE PARENT (IDENTITY)

Question 10

RESEARCH DOESNT SUPPORT OC

Answer 10

BLAKEMOOR & HILL FOUND EVIDENCE THAT OPPOSES THE OC, THE THEORY SUGGESTED THAT SONS OF HARSH FATHERS SHOULD GO ON TO DEVELOP MORE ROBUST SENSE OF GENDER IDENTITY THAN BOYS AS HIGHER LEVELS OF AGGRESSION PRODUCING STRONGER IDENTITIFICATION W AGGRESSOR. OPPOSITE WAS FOUND BOYS WITH HARSHER FATHERS WERE SECURE IN MASC IDENTITY

Question 11

BEMS FINDINGS

Answer 11

CHILDREN AGES 3-5 DIDNT KNOW OPPOSITE SEX GENITIALS

Question 12

LACK SCIENTIFIC RIGOUR

Answer 12

CONTRASTING WITH OTHER THEORIES ARE BASED ON OBJECTIVE EVIDENCE DERIVED FROM LAB EXPERIMENTS, FREUDS THEORY DOES NONE OF THIS

Question 13

POPPERS TAKE ON PSYCHODYNAMIC EXP

Answer 13

MAKES THEORY PSEUDOSCIENTIFIC AS CONCEPTS CANNOT BE FALSIFIED DEFENCE MECHANISMS THAT TAKE PLACE IN GD ARE ALSO ALL UNCONSIOUS SO THE CHILD IS UNAWARE THEY ARE FEELING THE EFFECTS OF EC OR OC

Question 14

DISAGREEMENT OVER GI

Answer 14

FREUD SAYS GI IS ESTABLISH/ED AT THE END OF PHALLIC STAGE, PRIOR TO THIS CHILDREN ARE DESCRIBED AS BI-SEXUAL, FREUD ALSO SEES NO FUTHER DEVELOPEMT OF GI BEYOND THE RESULTION OF THE OC OR EC THIS CONTRASTS WITH OTHER THEORIES LIKE GD LIKE KOLHBERGS

Question 15

SUPPORTING RESEARCH

Answer 15

32 MENTAL PATIENTS WERE PATIENTS DIAGNOSED WITH BI-POLAR, PSYCHOANALYSTS REVEALED THAT 22 APPEARED TO BE SUFFERING FROM AN UNDER DEVELOPED EP OF PENIS ENVY SND 12 HAD REGRESSED EARLIER STAGES OF THE PSYCHOSEXUAL DEVELOPMENT SUGGESTING STAGE OF GD AND MENTAL HEALTH PROBLEMS LATER IN LIFE